al-Jazzār Mosque 378
al-Jazzār Mosque Library 377-379, 381-382, 396-403
Addis Ababa 92
Adl, Parviz 598
administration
colonial
Andean 227-231, 231-232, 246-247. See also parishes (Andean)
Senegal 336
advertising 334, 346, 365-366, 368, 561, 600
African Muslim identity 136, 348. See also Murid communities
African Rock Art Digital Archive 15
Afrikaans 332
agriculture
Andes 227
Northern Nigeria
convict food crops 319
prison experimental centres 309-310
aguardente (liquor) 279
Ahom Lexicography project 32, 60. See also Tai Ahom
Aijal (Aizawl) 449
Ai Seng Lau (Tai Ahom) prayer 53-57
Ajami 179, 331-376. See also Wolof: Ajami (Wolofal) and Swahili: Ajami
caractères arabes harmonisés 356-357, 368
letters and diacritics 46, 356-358
literacy 332-337, 344, 346, 353-354
manuscripts 139, 153, 156, 167, 169, 171, 179, 343, 346, 352
modified Arabic script 356
poetry 339-340, 344-345, 348, 350-354, 360, 361-362
public announcements 369, 369-370
scholars (Ajamists) 345-350, 352, 354
Aksum 122
al-Aqṣá Mosque Library 377, 379-381, 382-383, 387, 396, 403-412
Alexandria 382
Alexandria, Library of lvii
al-Jazzār Mosque Library 377-379, 381-382, 396-403
Amharic 332
Anderson, Clare 324
anthroponymy 16
aqbas (passageways) 7, 17, 20, 21, 24-25
Arabic
manuscripts 138-161, 164-172, 173-185, 396-412
script 342. See also Ajami
Aramaic 349
archaeology
architecture
archives xlix
accessibility of xxxvii-xxxviii, xliii-xliv, xlix, l, liv-lv, lvi, lviii-lix, 32-33, 183-185, 280, 288, 382, 566, 613
colonial 264, 271-272, 294-305, 454, 456, 461
contested ownership lvii
cultural bias 300
ecclesiastical 225, 272-276, 279-280, 286-287
Islamic 138-142, 174-180, 378-380, 399-403, 406-412
national and state lviii, 200, 205, 295
photographic 425, 489, 524, 526, 531-533, 542
private collections 36, 73, 174, 175, 181-182, 456, 610-611, 618
sound 549, 565-566, 567-568, 579-580, 611-613, 623, 631
threats to xlvi
environmental 95, 178, 264, 279-280, 381, 542
polically motivated destruction 380
Buenos Aires 420, 422, 437, 439
Medical-Chirurgical Scientific Italian Commission 418, 427-428. See also Bennati, Guido
Museum of La Plata 417, 420, 422-426, 438, 439-440
Arquivo Histórico Waldemar Bispo Duarte, João Pessoa 279-280, 283
Asiatic Order of Universal Morality 426. See also Bennati, Guido
Assam. See Tai Ahom
Assemani, Joseph li
Asunción 429
Atrato River 263-264, 266, 269
Australia, aboriginal records lviii-lix
authenticité (cultural policy) 552-564, 568
avaz (Persian classical singing) 601, 613
Badawi, Ahmad (Aḥmad b. Ṣāliḥ Jamal al-Layl) 144
Badi‘i, Habibu’llah 588
Bā Kathīr, ʿAbd Allāh 140, 143, 169, 171
Balfour Declaration 388
Ballets Africains, Les 555
Baluev, Ivan Ivanovich 487-526, 492
Diary of the Northern Expedition 489, 503-504, 508
photographic collection 509-523
photographic techniques 505-508
publication and exhibitions of images 524-526
Bamba (Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Mbacké) 332, 338-342, 345, 350, 363
Baol 353
Bā Ṣafar, b. Yusallim b. ʿAwaḍ 156-158, 165, 166, 169, 170, 172
Baudo valley 266
Baye Fall 367
Bembeya Jazz National 555, 557, 559, 561, 575
Bennati, Guido 418-422, 426-439. See also Medical-Chirurgical Scientific Italian Commission
Berlin phonogram archives 619, 624
Bernault, Florence 324
Bethlehem 384
Bible
Codex Sinaiticus li
Mizo Bible Women 469
Old Testament 194
Polyglot Bibles l
bilingual texts 7, 42, 139, 335, 339, 613
Bloch, Marc lvi
Medical-Chirurgical Scientific Italian Commission 430-433
Santa Cruz de la Sierra 430-431
Tiahuanaco ruins, La Paz 433-440
bozales (African slaves) 263
Brazil lxii, 185, 259-292, 420. See also parishes (Andean)
Corumbá 429
Portuguese colonists and slavery 276-288
British colonists. See Northern Nigeria and India
British Library xl, xliii-xlvi
Lepcha manuscripts 72
sound archives 611
Buenaventura (Notary of) 264
Buenos Aires 420, 422, 437, 439
Bulgaria 189-224. See also Roma
Camel phase (rock art) 24
cameras
for digitising 33, 73, 403, 544
ubiquity of 448
Cameroon
photographic studio archive project 531-545
Carhua 246
Carirí Indians 277
cartes-de-visite 417-419, 420-422, 427-429, 430, 431, 433, 438, 440
Caruavilca, don Francisco Pizarro 252
Cavalcantes Indians 286
Ceará 276
censorship 201, 382-386, 563, 564-565, 594, 595, 598
çeribaşi (Roma chiefs) 191, 192
Champhai 462
chicken bone augury 35, 42, 44-45
Chippindale, Christopher 17
Chocó, Colombia, slavery in 262-269
Christ
Isua Krista 453
Lal Isua 456
Christelow, Alan 293
Christianity. See also missionaries
Baptism records 275, 276, 286-287
Catholic Church in South America 227-228, 230, 274-275
conversion to 227, 230, 232, 233
Roma evangelical churches 217-218
Chuksung Lepcha 73
church archives. See ecclesiastical archives
Chwaka 138
Codex Sinaiticus li
Cole, H. W. G. 462
Colombia lxii, 259-292, 420. See also parishes (Andean)
ecclesiastical archives 272-276
Montería 274
notary records 264-268, 271-272
slavery 260, 261, 263, 265, 266, 268, 269-272, 274
Spanish colonists 260-265, 270-271, 274, 276
colonialism
administration
Andean 227-232, 246-247. See also parishes (Andean)
Senegal 336
“civilising mission” 335
commerce
Ajami business records 333, 344
Bennati’s pamphlets 431
Colombia and Caribbean 264, 270-271
trade routes 25, 119, 148, 180
compadrazgo (godparentage) 275
convict labour
colonial records project 293-300, 324-325
in pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate 305-308
under colonial rule 308-312, 319-323
Cook, Allen 294
Coptic manuscripts 109, 118, 120
copyists. See scribes
copyright 541
Córdoba
San Jerónimo (earlier Gerónimo) de Buenavista 272, 274-276
Santa Cruz de Lorica 272
Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó “Diego Luis Córdoba” 264
Corrège, Clemente E. 418
corruption 212-213, 461-462, 565, 567
Iranian National Radio 598
Corumbá 429
Cultural Revolution (Guinea) 554-564
Däbrä Libanos Monastery 90
dance
Les Ballets Africains (Guinea) 555
Mizo 476
Danish National Archives lviii
Dar-es-Salaam 138
Darjeeling 67
dastgah (Persian musical mode) 613
Deir al-Surian Monastery l-li, lii-liii
Dendrúp Adyenmú Lepcha 73
Diakhaté, Mbaye 342, 345, 350, 351, 352, 360
dictionaries 33, 41, 60-62, 75, 471, 474, 621
digitisation 32-34, 36-39, 105, 544
benefits xxxvii-xxxviii, lvii, 184, 280, 288, 381-382
digital repatriation 532
digital unification liii
early efforts liii
selection criteria 295, 298, 387
Diourbel 333, 354, 365-366, 368
Djenné Manuscript Library 173-185, 175
doctrinas (Indian parishes) 228. See also parishes (Andean)
dogarai (native police) 315
Dolgikh, Boris Osipovich (Iosovich) 496, 497, 499, 500, 502-503
Dome of the Rock 379
Ecclesiastical and Secular Sources for Slave Societies Digital Archive 288
ecclesiastical archives 225. See also parishes (Andean)
Paraíba, Brazil 279-280, 286-287
Edison phonograph 620
education. See also schools
Christian 218, 473-474. See also missionaries
Guinean music 553
Islamic 137, 138, 142, 331-332, 350. See also talibés (Quranic school students)
Egypt
Alexandria 382
Deir al-Surian Monastery l-li, lii-liii
Oxyrhynchus lvii
Embera-Wounaan Indians 266
encomiendas (colonial legal authority) 229-231, 233-235, 249
Endangered Archives Programme (EAP)
projects
EAP119 377
EAP454 456
EAP690 184
Endangered Languages Documentation Programme xxxix-xli
Eritrea 90
Escalante y Mendoza, don Juan de 242-243, 250
Estigarribia, Juan Vicente 430
Estonian Literary Museum 624
etaghas (post-flood farmland) 7, 20, 22, 23, 25
Ethiopia xliii, liii, lx, lxi, 89-134. See also May Wäyni Monastery
Addis Ababa 92
Däbrä Libanos Monastery 90
Ethiopian Manuscript Microfilm Library (EMML) 92
ethnomusicology 547-580, 594, 596-597, 601-602, 606, 613
Evenki
language 629
people 496
Evenki National District 494, 495
exile
Baluev, Ivan Ivanovich 493, 502
Bamba (Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Mbacké) 340-341
Dolgikh, Boris Osipovich (Iosovich) 502
Perillán y Buxó, Eloy 434
Fakhradini, Farhad 600-601, 604, 609
Fanisau 308
al-Faruqi, Shaykh Sulayman al-Taji 387
Fazzan, Libya. See Tadrart Acacus
Febvre, Lucien lvi
Flores, Diego 247
folklore
Krymchak people 622
Lepcha 70
musical 552
Russian 499, 621, 622, 624-626
forasteros (foreigners) 247-249, 252
forced labour
colonial records project 293-300, 324-325
in pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate 305-308
under colonial rule 308-312, 319-323
France
Gambian treaty negotiation (French and Ajami text) 335
Imperial Archives xlix
withdrawal from Guinea 549-550
Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) 264
Fundação Cultural Palmares (FCP) 288
Fuuta Jalon 337
Gait, E. A. 462
Gambia 335, 547. See also Senegambia
Garamantian kingdom 1, 3, 24, 25
genealogy 16, 142, 143, 179, 286, 363
geomorphology 7
Gergyovden (St George’s day) 194
Giyorgis, Qäsäla 90
Global Dimensions of Scholarship and Research Libraries xlv
Golha radio programmes 587-613
archive project and website 609-613
Golha-yi javidan 590, 591, 596
Golha-yi rangarang 590, 591, 601, 607
griots 547-548, 558, 561, 563-564, 566-567, 572
Grumbkow, Georges B. von 436-437, 438
gueltas (rock pools) 7, 20, 22, 25
authenticité (cultural policy) 552-564, 568
Bibliothèque Nationale de Guinée 566
Fulbé plot 563
independence from France 549-551
Labé 333
Radio Télévision Guinée (RTG) 549, 554, 565-566, 567, 568, 571-572, 578-580
Gujarati traders 119
Gypsy. See Roma
Habib Saleh (Ṣāliḥ b. ʿAlawī Jamal al-Layl) 135-138, 144, 156, 159
al-Ḥaddād, ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAlawī 141
hadith (accounts of the Prophet) 347-348, 406, 407, 409, 410, 412
Ḥaḍramawt 136, 138, 142, 147-148
hagiography 75, 340, 345, 348, 353
Hague Convention for the Preservation of Cultural Property 380
Hajj Amin al-Husseini 379
Harriet Tubman Institute 305
Hausa 179, 180, 332, 333, 336-337, 338-339
Hausaland 337
Haussonville, Joseph d’ lv
ḥDas-log 79
health 191, 268, 300, 514. See also Mizo: healing customs
notary records in Colombia 266-269
Hebrew 349
Hebrew University of Jerusalem 380-381
al-Ḥibshī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad 136-138, 144
Ibra Fall 367
Imperial Archives of France xlix
impressed labour. See forced labour
indexes (in manuscripts) 156
Assam 35
Darjeeling 67
Kalimpong 73
Lushai Hills 447-448, 455, 456-457
Northeast India 445-486. See also Mizo; Tai Ahom
Sikkim 67, 69, 74. See also Lepcha
indigenous people 270, 272, 277, 279, 288, 417
conversion to 227, 230, 232, 233
culture 5, 74, 513-514, 550-551, 580
photography of 417, 487-526, 509
Soviet ethnographic studies 496-497, 503
Institute for Anthropology and Ethnography 627
Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskii Dom) 620, 622-623, 627
Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Paraibano (IHGP) 279-280
International Association of Sound Archives (IASA) 623, 631
Iran xl, lxiv, 587-616. See also Golha radio programmes and Persian music
twentieth-century cultural politics 593-599
Iran Heritage Foundation 612
Iranian National Orchestra 600
Iranian National Radio 587, 590, 593-594, 598-600
ISESCO 356
Ishraq, ‘Abd al-Hamid 608
Islam
conversion to 337
importance of books and book collections 377-378
Islamic education 137, 138, 142, 331-332, 350. See also talibés
Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) 148, 152, 164, 165, 167, 334, 404, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412
Islamic manuscripts 138-161, 164-172, 173-185, 343, 346, 352, 396-412
Israel, National Library of 380-381
Jabre, Adel 379
al-Jazzar, Ahmad 378
al-Aqṣá Mosque Library 377, 379-381, 381-382, 387, 403-412
Haram al-Sharif 379
Hebrew University of Jerusalem 380-381
National Library of Israel 380-381
Jesup North Pacific Expedition (1900) 619-620
Jihad 337
Kalimpong 73
Ka, Moussa 331, 339, 340, 342, 345, 347, 349, 350, 351-352, 353, 355, 356
Kano Emirate 293, 300, 306-307, 308
Kasravi, Ahmad 595
Kel Tadrart Tuareg 5, 19-23, 25
Kenya lx, lxi, 135-172. See Riyadha Mosque
Khaliqi, Ruhu’llah 590, 597, 598-599, 601
Khaly Madiakhaté Kala 339
Khamliana 455
Khasi Hills, India 449
Khudayar 598
Khurram, Humayun 609
King of Bar 335
Koran. See Quran
Krasnoyarsk 493
Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University 622
Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai) 489, 494, 625
Krasnoyarsk Territory Regional Museum (KKKM) 488, 493-496, 526
Krymchak people 622
Labé 333
labour
forced
colonial records project 293-300, 324-325
in pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate 305-308
mita (draft labour) 247, 251, 252
under colonial rule 308-312, 319-323
Lakni cycle (calendar) 39-40, 41
Lamu lxi, 135-172. See Riyadha Mosque
landscape
Baluev’s photography 500, 509-510
geomorphology 7
human relationship 24-25, 227, 234
languages. See also translations
Afghanistan languages and dialects 623
endangered 35, 52, 67-68, 617, 618-621
Evenki 629
Kerek 622
Paleo-Siberian 621
revitalisation 625-626, 629-631
Tungus-Manchu 621
Turkic 621
Udeghe 622
Lat Dior Ngoné Latyr Diop 339
Latin American newspapers 433-434
Layène 338
al-Layl, Aḥmad b. Ṣāliḥ Jamal (Ahmad Badawi) 144
al-Layl, Ḥasan b. Muḥammad Jamal 140-141, 143
al-Layl, Ṣāliḥ b. ʿAlawī Jamal (Habib Saleh) 135-138, 144, 156, 159
Lazóng (Lepcha orthography) 69-70
Leibniz Institut für Landeskunde (IFL) 436
Leiden University, Netherlands 72
Lemaire, Albert Jean Baptist 597
Lepcha 67
astrological texts and horoscopes 81-83
geographical distribution of manuscripts 72-73
popular texts and genres 70-71, 74-79
prayer and ritual ceremonies 74, 76
Lewin, T. H. 471
lexicon. See dictionaries
libraries
al-Aqṣá Mosque Library 377, 379-381, 382-383, 387, 396, 403-412
al-Jazzār Mosque Library 377-379, 381-382, 396-403
as a mark of prestige 377
Bibliothèque Nationale de Guinée 566
British Library xl, xliii-xlvi, 72, 611
Djenné Manuscript Library 173-185
Ethiopian Manuscript Microfilm Library (EMML) 92
National Library of Israel 380-381
philosophy and policies 182
Libyan-Italian Archaeological Mission 4
Lima 252
Lima Church Council 233, 235, 242, 249
Limbu script 69
linguistics. See also languages
literacy
Ajami script 332-333, 344, 346, 353-354
music-derived 354
Loccha 246
Lorrain, J. H. (Pu Buanga) 458-460, 463, 474
Louis XVIII 335
Lovejoy, Paul E. 293
Lugard, Frederick 294-295, 320
Lungleh (Lunglei) 457, 470, 478
Lushai Hills 447-448, 455, 456-457
al-Maddī, Aḥmad b.ʿAbd Allāh b. Yūsuf 158-159
Magdalena River 260
Maghrib/Maghribī 338, 364, 365, 368, 370
Mali lx, lxi, 6, 16, 173-188, 547, 548, 556. See also Djenné Manuscript Library
Mallo 252
Mandé 332, 547, 560, 572. See also Maninka
Maninka 547, 572, 577-578. See also Mandé
Manó, Joseph Charles 429-430, 431, 434, 440
manuscripts. See also Ajami: manuscripts; Arabic: manuscripts; Codex Sinaiticus; Coptic manuscripts; Ethiopian manuscripts; Islamic manuscripts; Lepcha: manuscripts; Oriental Christian manuscripts; Syriac manuscripts; Tai Ahom: manuscripts
bindings 97, 101, 109-120, 121, 126
conservation 95, 96-97, 102, 104-106, 131, 381
copying. See scribes
covers 95, 102, 103, 117, 118, 120-121, 128-131
digitisation 32-34, 36-39, 73, 95-96, 105, 403
paper 33, 34, 37-38, 71, 114, 117, 160
parchment 89, 97, 98-99, 101, 115
storage xli, lviii, 90, 96-97, 177-178, 183
maraboutage (Islamic form of magic) 173, 177, 179
Mashriqī 365, 368. See also Maghrib/Maghribī
Matam 333
Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish 324
book and manuscript construction 106-120
tooled leather decoration 120-130
manuscripts
ownership 92
Mbaye Diakhaté. See Diakhaté, Mbaye
Mbaye Nguirane. See Nguirane, Mbaye
Mbaye, Samba Diarra 342, 345, 350, 351
McKeown, Katie 545
Mecca 16, 138, 142, 143, 146, 147-148, 148, 149
Medical-Chirurgical Scientific Italian Commission 418, 426-427. See also Bennati, Guido
medicine 81, 179, 342-343, 346, 454. See also Mizo: healing customs
Mendizábal, Bernabé 418, 419, 426
metadata
need to understand content 45
open access 32
Michelet, Jules lxv
missionaries
churches of 450, 451-452, 460, 466-467, 477
model villages 466
Welsh Calvinistic missionaries 449, 468
Mission Veng Church 450, 465, 467
mita (draft labour) 247, 251, 252
mitayo (draft labourer) 251
Mizo
chibai (greeting) 471, 473-475
composers 468
harhna (awakening) 449, 475-477
healing customs 454, 467, 471-472
lal (village headmen) 456, 468
newspapers 473
spirituality and spirits (ramhuai) 450, 471-472
Mizoram 446-447, 456. See also Lushai Hills
Mizoram Presbyterian Church Synod Archive 450
mobile phones 365, 368, 369, 370
Mogrovejo, Toribio Alfonso de 251
Mombeya, Thierno 337
Muhammad, Prophet 135, 137, 142, 347-348
Muhammad Reza Pahlavi 594, 595
Mu‘iniyan, Nusratu’llah 590, 599, 600
múng (evil spirits) 84
Murid communities
education 354
Muridiyya Sufi order 332, 338, 340. See also Bamba (Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Mbacké)
Musaddiq crisis (1953) 595
Museum of La Plata 417, 420, 422-426, 438, 439-440
museums
Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu 624
Krasnoyarsk Territory Regional Museum (KKKM) 488, 493-496, 526
Museum für Völkerkunde, Vienna 72
Museum of La Plata 417, 420, 422-426, 438, 439-440
Soviet-era policies 489
music
African
Syliphone archive project 547-580, 585
censorship 563, 564-565, 594, 595, 598
Mizo 453
orchestras (African) 551
Persian 594, 596-597, 601-602, 606, 613. See also Golha radio programmes
Namchu, Óng Tshering 73
Namgyal Institute of Tibetology, Gangtok, India 73, 74
Napier Expedition (1868) 94
Napoleon III lv
Nash, George 17
National Archives of Nigeria 295
National Archives of the United States lviii
National Iranian Radio and Television (NIRT) 604
National Library of Israel 380-381
newspapers
Mizo 473
press law and censorship 201, 382-386
Roma 199, 200, 203, 205, 212-214, 217, 219
Ngom, Cheikh 353
Nguirane, Mbaye 347
Niang, Mahmoud 340
Niassène 338
Niger 333
Nigeria lxii, 173, 293-325. See also agriculture; colonialism; National Archives of Nigeria; Northern Nigeria and slavery
literacy 333
National Archives 295
Northern Region, convict labour 293-325
NKVD (People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs) 501
Northern Expedition (Baluev) 488-490, 496, 524
aims 501
political interference 502-504
Northern Nigeria
pre-colonial and early colonial records 294-305
notary records 264-268, 271-272
numeracy, currency-derived 343-344
orality
oral literature 619-621, 622, 627
orchestras (African) 551
Oriental Christian manuscripts l-liv. See also Coptic manuscripts; Ethiopian manuscripts and Syriac manuscripts
orthography
Osorio, don Alonso 253
Oxyrhynchus lvii
Pahlavi monarchy 604. See also Muhammad Reza Pahlavi and Reza Shah Pahlavi
palenques (maroon communities) 260, 261
Palestine. See also Jerusalem
Bethlehem 384
political parties 391
Supreme Muslim Council 378, 379, 384
Paraguay 417-444. See also Bennati, Guido
Asunción 429
Medical-Chirurgical Scientific Italian Commission 429-430
Paraíba
ecclesiastical archives 279-280, 286-287
Nossa Senhora das Neves 277
Nossa Senhora dos Milagres da Ribeira do Cariri (later Nossa Senhora dos Milagres do São João do Cariri) 279, 280, 283, 287
slavery 276, 279, 280, 282, 286-288
Universidade Federal da Paraíba 280
Pariamarca 236, 237-242, 249-250, 253, 255
Parti Démocratique du Guinée (PDG) 551, 553-555, 559, 562-565
Pashov, Shakir 195-214, 215, 216
Payvar, Faramarz 610
Perillán y Buxó, Eloy 434, 436
Persian music 587-613. See also Golha radio programmes
Peru lxii, 225-258, 428. See also parishes (Andean)
Lima 252
Loccha 246
Mallo 252
Pariamarca 236, 237-242, 249-250, 253, 255
Petrie, William Flinders 418
phonogram archives 619, 621, 623-631
photographic archives 425, 489, 524, 526
photographic studio archive project 531-545
photographic techniques 505-508
image manipulation 487
photography
as novelty 448
cartes-de-visite 417-419, 420-422, 427-429, 430, 431, 433, 438, 440
copyright and permissions 539, 541-542
documentary photography 488, 500
ethnographic 488, 500, 509-510
identity photographs 538
maps 516
of manuscripts 32-34, 36-39, 73, 95-96, 105, 403
portraits 500, 507, 509-510, 539-540. See also cartes-de-visite
Pirnia, Davud 587, 588, 590-591, 596, 599-603, 605, 608
Podor 333
post-colonial theory 479
Potiguar Indians 277
Pouget, Petrona Sosa de 427
prayer
Lepcha 76
Riyadha Mosque manuscript collection 141-142
preachers. See also missionaries
prejudice (racial) 300, 348, 355-356, 458, 461, 462
primary sources, importance of 189-190
printing presses
effect on manuscript culture liv, 149-152
Palestine 382
prisons
administration 305-306, 309, 310, 314, 319-322
forced labour 309-312, 322-323
Pushkinskii Dom 620, 622-623, 627
Pu Vana 445
al-Qaḥṭānī, Muḥyī al-Dīn 139
quilombos (maroon-descended communities) 288
Quran 144, 181, 342. See also schools
racial equality 203-204. See also prejudice (racial)
Radio Tehran. See Iranian National Radio
Radio Télévision Guinée (RTG) 549, 554, 565-566, 567, 568, 571-572, 578-580
al-Raḥmān, Sayyid Manṣab b. ʿAbd 138, 144-145, 159
rancherías (villages) 263, 268
reducciones (grid settlements) 231-232, 233, 242
Reiss, Wilhelm 436
repartimientos (Iberian forerunner to encomiendas) 229, 233-235
Reza Shah Pahlavi 593-594, 598, 603
ribats (frontier fortresses) 306
ribats (religious schools) 137
Riohacha, slavery 269-270, 272
Riyadha Mosque
manuscript collection 138-161, 164-172
waqf (pious endowement) donations 145-147
rock inscriptions (Tifinagh) 5, 7, 15-26
Communist rule in Bulgaria 200-213
importance of primary source research 189-190
newspapers 199, 200, 205, 212-214, 217, 219
organisation
Ekhipe (United General Cultural Organisation of Gypsy Minorities) 201, 203-206, 208, 209
Society Egypt 197
Pashov’s book manuscript 195-201, 204
Róngkup, Chong 73
Rostworowski, María 250
RTG (Radio Télévision Guinée) 549, 554, 565-566, 566, 567, 568, 571-572, 578-580
Russia lii, lxiii, lxiv, lxv, 487-530, 617-634. See also schools and Soviet Union
Russian Academy of Sciences 620
Russian Geographical Society 494, 500, 509
Ṣafī ʿAlī Shāh 592
Sahara xliii, 1-30, 173, 180, 331, 547
archaeological remains 3. See also Tifinagh rock inscriptions
Sakhalin, Japanese exodus from 629-630
Salazar, don Gerónimo de 238, 240, 242
Samanid dynasty 604
Sampayo, Antonio 420
sanglyon (funeral rituals) 83
Santa Cruz de la Sierra 430-431
Sapienza University of Rome 1, 4
Savidge, F. W. (Sap Upa) 463, 477
School of Oriental and African Studies 72
schools
Christian 218, 452, 473-474. See also missionaries
knowledge 350
Quranic 173-174, 176, 180, 331, 344, 350, 358
Soviet/Russian 509, 515, 523, 525, 526
vocational 350
Scott, James C. 447
Djenné 179
tradition of copying texts 36-37, 55, 71
Seereer 353
Baol 353
Senegambia 338-340, 352, 354-355
senses, among the Mizo 449
Shaha, Brojo Nath 471
Shahrdar, Mushir Humayun 596, 598
Shajarian, Mohammad-Reza 602, 604, 607
Shan languages 47-48, 49, 51-52, 62
al-Shāṭirī, Abū Bakr b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar 148
Shihada, Bulus 384
endangered language recordings 619-623, 626-628
photographic archives of indigenous peoples 487-526, 530
Silchar 469
slavery
Colombia 260, 261, 263, 265, 266, 268, 269-272, 274
health and disease 266, 268-269
records of 264-268, 271-272, 279-288
transportation and purchase 260-264
Sokhna Amy Cheikh 352
Sokhna Mai Kabir 352
Sokhna Mai Sakhir 352
Sokkna Aminatou Cissé 352
Sokoto Caliphate 305-308, 324-325
sound archives 549, 565-566, 567-568, 579-580, 611-613, 623, 631
sound recordings
media
audio cassette 548
Edison phonograph 620
phonograph cylinders 621
wax cylinders 597, 620, 626-627
wax discs 620
music 548, 571-578, 573-579. See also Syliphone
radio 565, 567-568, 570, 591, 604. See also Golha radio programmes
Soviet Union 202, 490, 487-530, 502, 620, 626, 628-630
collective farming 499, 501, 509-510
communist ideology 498-499, 514, 595
socialist transformation 487, 490-491, 500-501, 503, 505, 510
Spanish colonists
Sternberg, Lev Yakovlevich 629
St Petersburg
Institute for Linguistic Studies 623
Pushkinskii Dom 620, 622-623, 627
Strulev, Mark Sergeevich 496, 497, 499, 503, 520
Stübel, Alphons 436
Sucre 430
mysticism 174
Sufi orders 135-136, 332, 338, 340, 592
Supreme Muslim Council 378, 379, 384
sustainable development 4-5, 25-26
Ajami 139, 153, 156, 167, 169, 171
Sy, Habibou Rassoulou 346, 354, 363, 364
Syli Orchestre National 551, 553, 561, 573
Syliphone 548-549, 555, 556-557, 561-562, 563, 564
syncretism. See Lepcha
Tabajara Indians 288
Tadrart Acacus 1-30. See also Tifinagh rock inscriptions
archaeological significance 3-5
water 7
Assam manuscripts project 31-64
chicken bone augury 35, 42, 44-45
language 34-35, 40, 42-43, 46-47, 62-63
manuscripts
spirit calling texts 41, 47-51
storage 36
Tai Ahom-Assamese lexicons
Loti Amra 41
translation process 47-48, 49-53
Tajvidi, ‘Ali 587, 589, 598, 609
takhmīs (poetic form) 349
talibés (Quranic school students) 173
Tamyong Lepcha 73
Tantavilca, don Gabriel 243, 246
tarana (popular ballads) 613
tax 178
collection (Roma) 192
collection (Spanish colonists) 227, 230-231
Mizo chhiah 461
Tehran
Advanced School for Music Studies 597
Centre for the Preservation and Promotion of Music 597
National Conservatory of Music 597
Technical College 597
Thieyène 341
Tibet
resurrection texts 79
Tibetan Book of the Dead 83
Tifinagh rock inscriptions 5, 7, 15-26
Timbuktu 173, 174, 175, 180, 182, 184
Titicaca, Lake and regions 433, 439
Touré, Sékou 550, 561-562, 564, 572
Toussele, Jacques 531-533, 540, 542, 545
trade routes 25, 119, 148, 180. See also commerce
translations
difficulties 5, 7, 40, 42-43, 46-47, 75, 85
Trent, Council of 225, 232, 249
Tsigani (Gypsies) 190. See also Roma
Tuareg. See Kel Tadrart Tuareg
Tukulóor 338
Ubah, Chinedu N. 293
Udmurtia, language revitalisation 624-626
Udmurt State University 625
UNESCO
language endangerment 619, 631
literacy rate statistics 332, 603
orthography 356
Unicode
Wolof Ajami 357
United States
Bureau of Indian Affairs lviii
National Archives lviii
University of Leicester 1
Usman ɗan Fodio 337
Vaziri, ‘Ali-Naghi 593, 595, 597, 606
Victoria, Queen 455
Vienna
Museum für Völkerkunde 72
Virgin Islands lvii
waqf (pious endowment) 150, 151, 152, 161
al-Jazzār Mosque Library 378
Riyadha, Lamu 138, 142, 145-147, 147
Welsh Calvinistic missionaries 449, 468
Whipping Act, VI (1865) 462
Wolof 332
Ajami (Wolofal). See also Ajami
business records 344
manuscript digitisation project 331-370, 375
manuscript types 334
Wolofisation 363
women
Ajami poetry 352
Iranian 593
prison labour 314
seers 476
shamans 74
squirrel hunters 512
Worger, William H. 324
Yakut people 496. See also Evenki National District
