List of Figures

1.

Willem Janszoon Blaeu, Tabula Russiae (1635). Map and inset of the city of Moscow based on Isaac Massa’s maps. Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Willem_Janszoon_Blaeu._Tabula_Russiae_ex_autographo,_quod_delineandum_curavit_Foedor_filius_Tzaris_Borois_desumta._MDCXIIII.jpg

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2.

Isaac Massa, Russiæ, vulgo Moscovia, Pars Australis [The Southern part of Russia, aka Muscovy], from Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, sive Atlas Novus in quo Tabulæ et Descriptiones Omnium Regionum, ed. by Willem and Joan Blaeu (1645), from the collection of the University of California. Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blaeu_1645_-_Russiæ_vulgo_Moscovia_pars_australis.jpg

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3.

Isaac Massa, Caerte van′t Noorderste Russen, Samojeden, ende Tingoesen Landt [Map of the Northern-most Russian, Samoyed, and Tungusic land, as copied from the Russians] (1610), from A Short History of the Beginnings and Origins of These Present Wars in Moscow under the Reign of Various Sovereigns down to the Year 1610 by Isaac Massa, translated and with an introduction by G.[eorge] Edward Orchard, Toronto [u.a.], 1994. Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Massa_-_Caerte_van’t_Noorderste_Russen,_Samojeden,_ende_Tingoesen_Landt.jpg

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4.

Map of Moscovia, Sigismund von Herberstein (1549). Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Herberstein-Moscovia.jpg

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5.

Drawing of the Lands of the River Solonitsa (1533). Reproduced from A. V. Postnikov, Russia in Maps: A History of the Geographical Study and Cartography of the Country (Moscow: Nash dom and L’Âge d’Homme, 1996). Image © RGADA, all rights reserved.

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6.

Map of Aleksin (1671). RGADA, coll. 1209, Aleksin stlb. 31 494, fol. 115. Image © RGADA, all rights reserved.

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7.

Signatures on obverse of a map of lands along the Kamenka and the Urshma rivers in Suzdal Province. RGADA, coll. 1209, Suzdal′ stlb. 27955, ch. 1, l. 73b. Image © RGADA, all rights reserved.

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8.

Map of the lands along the river Lakhost near the village of Tolstikova in Suzdal Province. RGADA, coll. 1209, Suzdal′ stlb. 28043, Ch. 1, fol. 142. Image © RGADA, all rights reserved.

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9.

Map of the land along the river Sem Kolodezei in Iurev Polskoi Province, 1670-72. “The ploughed land of the uninhabited arable field Tiapkova”. RGADA, coll. 1209, Iur′ev Pol′skoi, stlb. 34253, Ch. 1, fol. 132. Image © RGADA, all rights reserved.

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10.

Borovsk, RGADA, coll. 192, descr. 1, Kaluzhskaia guberniia, no. 1. Image © RGADA, all rights reserved.

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11.

Borovsk, satellite view from Google Maps (2017). Imagery © DigitalGlobe, Map data © Google, all rights reserved.

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12.

Martin Waldseemüller, Universalis cosmographia (1507), detail. Image in the public domain. Library of Congress, http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3200.ct000725C

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13.

S. U. Remezov’s copy of the Godunov map of 1666-67, from his Chorographic Sketch Book. Image in the public domain. Houghton Library, Harvard University (Semen Ul′ianovich Remezov, Khorograficheskaia kniga [Chorographic Sketch-book of Siberia]. MS Russ 72 (6).).

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14.

Kamchatka. Map of Kamchatka included in S. U. Remezov’s Working Sketch Book. Image in the public domain. Russian National Library, St Petersburg (Ermitazhnoe sobranie, no. 237, Sluzhebnaia chertezhnaia kniga Remezova, fol. 102v.).

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15.

S. U. Remezov, Map of All Siberia. Image in the public domain. Houghton Library, Harvard University (Bagrow Collection, MS Russ 72 (3).).

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16.

Map of a segment of the Tura River, from S. U. Remezov’s Working Sketch Book. Image in the public domain. Houghton Library, Harvard University (Semen Ul′ianovich Remezov, Khorograficheskaia kniga [Chorographic Sketch-book of Siberia]. MS Russ 72 (6), Ch. 25, f. 48.).

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1.

Unknown artist. Plan of 1699 of the environs of Kolomna. (1799), Fragment, RGADA, coll. 1209, descr. 77, columns Kolomna, file 25186, fol. 43–44. Image © Aleksei Golubinskii, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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2.

Franciscus Fiebig/Franziskus Viebig. A universal astrolabe (semicircumferentor) with compass. (Middle of the seventeenth century). From Rossiia i Gollandiia: prostranstvo vzaimodeistviia. XVI–pervaia tret′ XIX veka (Moscow: Kuchkovo pole, 2013), p. 311. Image in the public domain.

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3–1

Depiction of an astrolabe (circumferentor) on the Plan of the city of Tver with its villages. Unknown artist (last quarter of the eighteenth century), RGADA, coll. 1356, descr. 1, file 6057. Image © Aleksei Golubinskii, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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3–2

Depiction of an astrolabe (circumferentor) on the Plan of the city of Vesegonsk with its villages. Unknown artist (last quarter of the eighteenth century), RGADA, coll. 1356, descr. 1, file 6027. Image © Aleksei Golubinskii, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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3–3

Depiction of an astrolabe (circumferentor) on the Plan of Tver Province. Unknown artist (last quarter of the eighteenth century), RGADA, coll. 1356, descr. 1, file 5949. Image © Aleksei Golubinskii, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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4.

The Surveying Process. Fragment from the Map of Iaroslavl Province. Unknown artist (last quarter of the eighteenth century), RGADA. coll. 1356, descr. 1, file 6735. Image © Aleksei Golubinskii, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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5.

Unknown artist. Cercle, demicercle et cercle avec une rose de boussole d’arpenteur. From Recueil de planches sur les sciences, les arts libéraux et les arts méchaniques avec leur explications, vol. 1. (1765–72), Neuchâtel, 1779. Image in the public domain.

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6.

Fragment from the Plan of the city of Klin with its villages. Unknown artist (last quarter of the eighteenth century), RGADA, coll. 1356, descr. 1, file 2463. Image Image © Aleksei Golubinskii, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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1.

An (invented) portrait of a turbaned Razin with a marshal’s baton in his right hand from a German-language pamphlet (1671). The Royal Library, Copenhagen. Photo by Ingrid Maier, public domain.

127

2.

Coloured drawing of Razin’s execution (originally from Moscow), 1671, 400 x 310 mm. The Swedish State Archives, Stockholm. Photo by Ingrid Maier, public domain.

139

3.

Folding plate, printed in London (1672). The British Library. Photo by Daniel C. Waugh, public domain.

141

1.

The Apothecary Chancery today (2015). Photo by Clare Griffin, CC BY-NC 4.0.

258

2.

An illuminated page from Josephus’s Antiquities of the Jews, Brother Maciej and Master of the Lady with Unicorn (1466). From the collection of the National Library of Poland. Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Josephus_Antiquitates_Iudaice.jpg

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3.

Herbal Page (ca. seventeenth century). The Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, coll. 17, descr. 4, file 12. Photo by Clare Griffin, CC BY-NC 4.0.

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1.

V. A. Golike, Portrait of Count S. S. Uvarov (1833). Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Golike_Vasily_Portrait_of_Count_Sergey_Uvarov_(1833).jpg

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1.

View of Palace Square, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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2.

Formann and Elers, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

378

3.

Jean Fouquet, Boccace écrivant le De Casibus (1458). Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München (Cod. Gall. 6, fol. 10). Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:De_Casibus.jpg

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4.

A bootmaker’s stall, from Adam Olearius’s Vermehrte Newe Beschreibung Der Muscowitischen vnd Persischen Reyse, So durch gelegenheit einer Holsteinischen Gesandschafft an den Russischen Zaar vnd König in Persien geschehen (1656). Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Olearius_russian_coins.gif

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5.

Sign of the Bakers’ Guild, East Frisian Island of Juist (Lower Saxony, Germany). Image © 4028mdk09, CC BY-SA 3.0. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Symbol_des_Bäckerhandwerks.JPG

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6.

A bakers’ sign, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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7.

Cakes, Mathematical Instruments, and Wigs, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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8.

Coats, Frocks, and Musical Instruments, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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9.

Rode’s shop, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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10.

Wolf and Béranger, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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11.

Smirdin’s The Library for Reading, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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12.

Bellizard’s bookshop, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

391

13.

M. I. Makhaev, View of Elizaveta Petrovna’s Summer Palace (1756). From the collection of the State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg. Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg

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14.

Gostinyi dvor, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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15.

V. S. Sadovnikov, View of the Passazh (1848). Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Passazh_department_store_(Sadovnikov).jpg

396

16.

Pavel Semechkin, Interior of the Passazh in St Petersburg (1850s). Image in the public domain. Wikimedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Semechkin.jpg

397

17.

Madame La Tour’s Panorama and the Optical Telegraph, from V. S. Sadovnikov, Panorama of Nevskii Prospect (1830–35). © State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, all rights reserved.

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