Index
a priori 163, 194–196, 199–200, 203, 242, 260
in science 65, 101, 182, 224, 227–228, 230, 245–246, 260, 298, 300, 336, 339. See also basic blueprint; Galilean First Thing; social imagery; world picture
sociology of 203–204, 216, 227, 263
absolute knowledge/truth 26–27, 47–48, 50, 102, 112, 114, 118, 120, 129–131, 134, 156, 159, 172–175, 178, 191, 209, 227, 264, 266–267, 288, 330
affectivity 11, 16, 134, 143–146, 148, 181–182, 184, 186–187, 194, 203, 213, 217–218, 262, 305, 375–376, 378. See also emotion, cognitive
and understanding 356–357, 371, 375–376, 378
as co-affectivity 358, 375–376, 378, 380. See also being-with-others
as fundamental aspect of subjectivity 142, 356–357
American Psychiatric Association 146
Amsterdamska, Olga 121
anxiety 11, 143–148, 357, 378. See also understanding, breakdown in
Apollo 15 moonwalk 298
Aristotle 7, 38, 60, 197, 267, 303, 349
and logic 12, 161–162, 164–170, 174, 176, 180, 182, 187, 191, 195, 199, 205, 223, 264, 305
doctrine of causes of 265, 270–275, 277–278, 288, 301, 325, 369
articulating, or articulation 13, 66–67, 90, 97, 112, 123, 162, 171, 179, 188, 190–191, 203, 231, 241, 252, 259, 266, 276, 304, 318, 333, 339. See also thematising, or thematisation
and experimental science 355
and Newton’s First Law 293, 296, 300
of cognitive emotion 376
art-nature distinction 14, 269, 273, 276–277, 280–281, 300–301, 309, 345
assignedness 24, 201–202, 216, 275. See also Bewandtnis; cause, efficient; end-directedness; in-order-to relation; involvement
atheism 131
autonomy 42, 97–98, 171, 352, 367. See also freedom of the subject; freedom of the thing
of the subject 16, 32, 40, 80, 177, 185–187, 305, 350, 353, 367, 372
of the thing 14, 116, 118, 122, 134, 141, 294, 297–298, 300–301, 311, 318, 327–328, 367, 369–370, 377
Avagadro’s hypothesis 215
Averill, James 148
Azande of Central Africa 210–211, 213, 215, 217
Bambach, Charles 261
Barnes, Barry 16, 20, 24, 26, 33–34, 60, 94–95, 98–99, 114, 208–210, 216, 372–373
on cognitive emotion 16, 375, 380
on intentionality 220
on realism 19, 27–30, 32, 35, 48, 70, 77–78
on teleological explanation 330
basic blueprint, or metaphysical ground plan 13–15, 243, 245–246, 257, 270, 282, 283, 293, 295, 298, 300–301, 310, 327–328, 330, 334, 336, 338, 340–342, 344–345, 360, 366, 369. See also Galilean First Thing; social imagery; world picture
basic independence thesis. See minimal realism, basic independence thesis of
Baudelaire, Charles 379
Befindlichkeit 142, 158. See also affectivity
being-in-the-world 23, 40, 43, 47–48, 50, 57, 59–60, 71, 78, 80, 84, 131, 134, 143, 145, 155, 351, 371
as fundamental aspect of subjectivity 9, 39, 42, 45–46, 49, 100, 142, 152, 206, 219, 356
being, meaning/question of 54–55, 73, 99, 167, 355–356
being-with-others 187, 305, 351, 357, 371–372, 375, 378
as fundamental aspect of subjectivity 12, 93, 142, 204, 206, 356, 371
Bewandtnis 24, 201, 237. See also assignedness; cause, efficient; end-directedness; in-order-to relation; involvement
Bijker, Wiebe E. 362
Blattner, William 302
Bloor, David 15, 20–21, 27, 29, 33–35, 48, 60, 79–82, 94–95, 99, 105, 114, 126, 140, 208, 213, 245, 289, 328–329, 331–333, 335–337, 339. See also social imagery
in dispute with Latour 10, 111, 113, 115, 120–128, 135–140, 149, 353
on intentionality 218–221, 275
on logic/rules 209–218, 227, 357, 371
on scepticism 24–26, 31–32, 49
on teleological explanation 329–330
Boghossian, Paul 26
Boyle, Robert 14, 285–289, 311, 314–315, 318–319, 321–324, 326–327, 335–341, 344, 367, 377
as mathematical philosopher 286, 288, 327, 339
spring hypothesis of 316–321, 323–327, 337, 342, 344
Brown, James Robert 20
Burnyeat, Miles F. 370
Burtt, Edwin Arthur 330
Buskell, Andrew 123
calculating, or calculation 87, 233, 244, 264, 376
Cartwright, Nancy 303
Casaubon, Méric 338
Cassirer, Ernst 330
cause, efficient 265–266, 270–271, 273, 275, 277, 279, 312, 318–321, 325. See also in-order-to relation
relation to final cause of 281, 292
cause, final 269, 275, 283, 296, 305, 329. See also for-the-sake-of-which relation
and the art-nature distinction 269, 272, 277
as regulating a practice/process 239–240, 244–245, 268, 270–271, 275–276, 278, 280–281, 283, 292, 295–296, 300, 312, 325, 327, 360, 367, 369–370, 378
in early-modern (experimental) science 13–14, 231, 269, 282, 288, 292, 300, 312, 318, 320, 326–327, 345, 360
relation to formal cause of 271–272, 276, 279, 292
cause, formal 252, 265–266, 270, 275, 279. See also what-being, or whatness
relation to final cause of 271–273, 276, 279
cause, material 75, 81, 89, 160, 165, 171, 177, 273, 279–280, 300, 307, 321
change-over. See understanding, change-over in
Charleton, Walter 343
Christianity 38–39, 74–75, 115, 164, 171, 176–177, 337, 349. See also God (Christian)
doctrine of salvation of 172, 177, 191, 209
Code, Lorraine 381
Collins, Harry M. 17, 20, 24, 26, 98–99, 136, 139, 208, 362
and methodological idealism 34–35, 48, 50, 97
community, and communality 84–86, 114, 163, 187, 202, 207, 311–312, 328, 337, 357, 361, 374, 377, 379
complacency, epistemological 25–26, 31–34, 36, 49
conceptual scheme. See logical conception of science
conservative thought 331, 333–335
constancy of the thing 301, 303, 305–306. See also uniformity, of the thing
constructivity 115, 122, 133–134, 137, 139–141, 143, 150, 159, 181–182, 189–191, 202, 227, 234, 352–353, 357, 380. See also understanding
and finitude 143–144, 148–149, 182–183, 354
and receptivity 133, 136, 138, 142, 158, 160, 181, 183, 196, 258, 356
as intentionality 159
contingency, and dependency 2, 7, 16, 26, 36, 40, 55, 67, 69–70, 78, 85, 91, 94, 98, 114, 123, 141, 144, 152, 156, 159, 173, 178, 181, 188, 190–191, 193, 205, 208, 218, 227, 245, 256, 263, 278, 286, 296, 298, 300, 312, 326, 330, 342, 345, 361, 375–376
craft analogy. See demiurge; productionist metaphysics
craftsman thesis of Edgar Zilsel 290, 306
Crease, Robert P. 89
crisis of European science (Weimar period) 154, 223
Crombie, Alistair C. 248
cultural studies of scientific knowledge 103
cybernetics, or systems theory 15, 364–367, 374
Dalton, John 214
Dasein 39–40, 43, 60, 69–70, 75–76, 80, 84, 128, 131, 142, 158, 202–204, 257, 305, 330, 356–357. See also subjectivity of the subject
das Man (the ‘they’) 206–207, 213. See also being-with-others; groups, including status groups
Daston, Lorraine 42
Dear, Peter 13, 264–267, 270–271, 277–280, 282, 285, 290
de Bruyckere, Anna 84
deconstruction 6–7, 78, 97, 127, 156, 350–351, 363, 374
deductive inference 3, 190–191, 227, 264, 288
defining, or making definite 146
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 38, 104, 114, 222, 242, 249, 268, 304, 311, 337, 345, 349, 375
of nature/things 66, 73, 168, 198, 207, 228, 232, 259, 265, 270, 272, 295, 299, 311, 316, 334, 369
deliberative behaviour/thinking 151, 220, 224, 231, 236, 239, 241, 273, 275
demiurge, Plato’s image of 74, 163, 166, 169, 171, 180, 187, 194–196, 202, 204, 242, 261–262, 297, 303, 305. See also productionist metaphysics
Denkstil 248
Descartes, René 7, 12, 128, 161–162, 171–179, 184, 186–187, 191, 196–197, 209, 222–223, 263, 304–305, 318, 348–349
describing, or description 35, 81, 83, 87, 97, 105, 121, 135–136, 138, 148, 157, 170, 218, 242, 310, 334, 341, 376
and explanation 3, 194, 263, 335
determining, or making determinate 40, 47, 243, 250. See also underdetermination thesis
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 13, 104, 114, 118, 137, 164, 168, 170, 173–175, 183–184, 190, 200, 202, 205, 208, 223, 239, 241–242, 244, 246, 252–254, 259, 276, 284–285, 310, 312, 328, 339–340, 365, 371, 375
of nature/things 39, 61, 65–67, 72–73, 89–90, 92–93, 143, 150, 158, 162, 166, 168–171, 174–175, 178–179, 189, 192, 220, 225, 232–233, 236, 256, 264, 266, 277, 287, 295, 298–299, 302, 306, 348, 370
Dijksterhuis, Eduard Jan 330
directedness of the subject 12, 39, 89, 105, 153, 159–160, 181, 186–187, 219, 276, 330, 354, 357, 369. See also intentionality
disambiguating 182, 310–312, 316
disciplining 229, 246, 251–252, 255, 301, 310–311, 342, 355
disclosing. See revealing, or disclosing
dogmatism 27, 200, 226, 228–230
Dreyfus, Hubert L. 142
Durkheim, Émile 114, 121–122, 127
Edinburgh School in SSK 1, 18–19, 21
emotion, cognitive 184–185, 377, 380–381, 383–384. See also affectivity
phenomenology of 145, 147–148, 184–186, 194, 196, 262, 305, 357, 362, 371
sociology of 16, 148, 206, 375–377, 379–380
empiricism 2, 13, 21, 57, 65–66, 82, 116–117, 163, 182, 226–229, 231, 235, 246, 261, 264, 268, 300, 325–326, 363–364
in Renaissance natural philosophy 230, 255, 266–267
end-directedness 24, 201, 237–244, 246, 268, 270–275, 281, 283–284, 301, 328, 344, 369, 378. See also assignedness; Bewandtnis; cause, efficient; in-order-to relation; involvement
enframing 15, 359–364, 366, 368, 373, 377, 379
and cognitive emotion 378
equipment, and tool-use 61–62, 71, 199, 293. See also readiness-to-hand, and ready-to-hand
and equipmental breakdowns. See understanding, breakdown in
in experimental science 67, 292
phenomenological structure of 200–201, 244, 274. See also for-the-sake-of-which relation; in-order-to relation
versus objects, and observation 75, 202, 219
essence-existence distinction 10, 39, 54–55, 58, 72, 74, 84, 86, 89, 93, 99, 102, 115, 130, 137, 139, 158, 160, 355
essence of a thing 10–11, 14, 55, 70, 72–74, 82, 86, 91, 115, 132, 143, 158, 238, 258, 272, 294, 298–299, 369. See also what-being, or whatness
Evans-Pritchard, Edward Evan 210–213, 217
evidence, and self-evidence 18–19, 21, 31, 33, 145, 169, 188, 226, 254, 259, 298, 337
deconstruction of 37–38, 44, 73, 162, 190, 232
sociology of 19, 21–22, 124, 210, 324
exactitude, and making exact 82, 228, 310. See also specifying, or making specific
existence of a thing 10–11, 47, 49, 55, 60, 63, 70, 72–74, 82, 85, 89, 93, 115, 117, 130, 134, 137, 144, 158. See also minimal realism, basic independence thesis of; that-being, or thatness
existential conception of science 1, 7–8, 56, 59–61, 64, 66, 68, 70, 84, 98, 100–101, 153, 192, 196, 231, 235, 245, 255–256, 350, 354, 379
experience 3, 8, 27, 70, 164, 168, 173, 205, 233, 251–252, 255, 261, 264, 282, 333, 335, 364, 366. See also work-world, and work experiences
and emotion 73, 144–146, 148, 184, 203, 263, 362, 371, 376
and metaphysics 13–14, 89–90, 175, 189, 268, 284–285, 287
in modern (experimental) science 256, 295–297, 301–302, 304, 309, 318, 345, 355–356, 360
phenomenology of 11, 15, 23, 32–33, 37, 40, 43, 48, 60–63, 66, 75, 80, 82, 141, 144, 161, 180, 182, 197, 202, 220, 240–241, 243, 253, 258, 262, 272, 274, 334, 355–356, 369, 371, 373
sociology of 82, 141, 204–205, 259, 263, 306, 355, 374, 378
experimental practice 19, 67, 87, 92, 232–233, 245, 255, 277, 281, 288, 301–303, 306, 308, 311, 348, 351, 356, 361. See also practice
and final causes 269
and material things 84–85, 89, 235, 306, 308, 310, 355
and mathematical/metaphysical projection 65, 89, 235, 287, 298–299, 303, 310, 352
relation to theory of 33, 86, 124, 221, 246, 268, 286, 310, 352
sociology of 21, 124, 127, 221, 356, 363
experiment, early-modern 14, 161, 175, 264, 268, 278–280, 289, 292, 298, 313, 338, 356
and artisanal culture 289–290, 306–309
and final causes 14, 231, 277, 282, 288, 300, 320, 325–327, 345
and mathematical/metaphysical projection (Galilean First Thing) 14, 256, 261, 269, 287, 294, 297–298, 309, 327, 336–338, 344, 360, 367, 377
and mathematics 282, 285–287, 345
and the art-nature distinction 269, 277, 281, 300–301, 309, 345
and the Boyle-Line dispute 314–327, 336–338, 342–344, 377
sociology of 311–312, 316, 337, 377
expertise. See skill
explaining, or explanation 4–5, 19, 29, 33, 95, 99, 101–102, 121, 136, 149, 160, 247, 258, 271, 280–281, 291, 293, 302, 352, 369. See also operational explanation; sociological explanation; teleological explanation
and description 3, 194, 263, 335
in science 93, 120, 265, 270, 293, 298–299
in the Boyle-Line dispute 318–320, 322–324, 327–328, 337, 344
facts, and facticity 1, 47, 65, 71, 89, 131, 149, 233, 245–246, 281–282, 294, 311–312, 318, 331, 376. See also matters of fact in early-modern experimental practice
Falcon, Andrea 272
female Earth, ancient notion of 341
feminist science studies 103–104, 341–342
compatibility with SSK of 104
finitude 11, 38, 62, 113–115, 117, 122, 130–131, 133–134, 151, 155, 157–158, 178, 181, 183–184, 204, 208, 223, 256, 258, 338, 353
and anxiety 149
and constructivity 133, 140–141, 146, 149–150, 184, 254, 259, 354
and humility 117, 126, 129, 133, 140, 144, 150, 178, 380
and minimal realism 113, 140, 149–150, 158, 354
and the need for method 251, 257–260
and the thing-in-itself 112, 114, 117, 129, 131, 133–134, 144, 150, 354
Forlì, Jacopo da 248–249, 251, 265
formalising, or formalisation 7, 128, 157, 166, 170, 212, 216, 220, 223, 241, 245, 275, 370. See also articulating, or articulation
and Newton’s First Law of Motion 14, 293, 296, 299–300, 367
of informal knowledge/understanding 12–13, 123, 127, 156, 159, 176, 187, 190–191, 205, 231, 253, 304, 355
of informal rules 196, 198, 209–210, 241
Forman, Paul 154
for-the-sake-of-which relation 201–202, 239–240, 262, 268, 271–275, 281, 283, 296, 305, 309, 369, 376. See also cause, final
in the Boyle-Line dispute 318, 320. See also Galilean First Thing
sociology of 203, 216–217, 244–245
Foucault, Michel 234
fourfold. See things, fourfold structure of
freedom of the subject 62, 130, 161, 177–178, 182–185, 188, 190–192, 216, 252, 260, 352, 354, 367, 373, 380
freedom of the thing 65, 113, 119, 146, 148–149, 294, 303, 308, 317–318, 327
Freud, Sigmund 145
Friedman, Michael 181, 263, 330
funiculus. See Line, Francis, thread hypothesis of
Galen of Pergamon 13, 225–226, 228–230, 246, 252, 261
Galilean First Thing 14, 297–298, 300–301, 303, 305, 309, 313, 322, 327–329, 333, 336, 338, 340–341, 343–344, 352, 356–357, 360, 366, 369, 373–374, 376–378. See also basic blueprint; social imagery; world picture
Galileo 14, 175, 223, 263–264, 288, 291, 297, 347
free-fall experiment of 293–294, 298
principle of inertia of 294, 300, 306
Galison, Peter 42
Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis 214–215, 221
German Idealism 134
German Observatory in Hamburg 198
Ginev, Dimitri 55–56, 58, 101–102, 105, 302
glass-bulb model of subjectivity 37, 44, 49, 78, 152, 222. See also subject-object distinction
as fuel for scepticism 32, 43–44, 48, 82, 100, 112, 130
SSK’s residual adherence to 35–36, 48, 50, 77–78, 83, 100
Glazebrook, Trish 55–57, 107, 296, 301
God (Christian) 39, 171–172, 177, 254, 258
and productionist metaphysics 74, 115, 134, 171, 173, 338
and the subjectivity of the subject 38, 112–114, 117, 120, 129–131, 133–134, 156–157, 171, 173, 178, 254, 258–259
and cognitive emotion 371
and science 370
Goffman, Erving 376
good, idea of the 12, 27, 163, 166, 180, 194–195, 202, 216, 242, 262, 271, 375–377, 379–380
governing, or governedness 147, 369
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 12–13, 15, 35, 42, 44, 91, 153, 167, 175, 179–180, 182–184, 187–190, 194, 196, 199, 204, 208–209, 217, 241–242, 304, 328, 374
of nature/society 16, 252, 258, 276, 280–281, 296–297, 301, 305, 328, 364, 371–372
of scientific practice 13, 233, 242, 260, 281, 301–302
ground plan. See basic blueprint
groups, including status groups 1, 16, 79, 105, 207, 218–219, 332, 340, 372, 375–377, 379, 381
guiding, or guidedness 184, 186, 191, 195, 218, 242, 329, 357, 370
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 12–14, 26, 160, 162–163, 165, 170–171, 174, 177, 184, 189, 193–194, 196, 205, 217, 262, 283, 313, 329, 332, 360, 371
of nature/things 165, 170–171, 177, 292, 296, 306, 325, 360, 373
of scientific practice 170, 229, 242, 247, 252, 254, 268, 285–286, 297, 300, 326, 328, 330, 336, 339, 344, 355, 363
Heelan, Patrick 155
Heidegger and First World War combat veterans 147
Heidegger on sociology 179, 206–208
Heidegger’s hammer 238–240, 293
Heisenberg, Werner 15, 347, 349, 351, 355
Henry, John 27, 29, 31, 33–35, 48, 60, 94
hermeneutic circle 189, 192, 242
hermeneutics 57–59, 83–84, 86, 90, 93, 99, 101, 137. See also interpreting, and interpretation
historicity of the subject 204
historiography of science 13, 153, 205, 223, 231, 245, 260, 268–269, 276, 281–282, 285, 289, 309, 329–330, 376
Howson, Colin 227
human being, meaning/question of 2, 6, 38, 75, 82, 130, 155, 177–178, 188, 206, 217, 332, 349, 353, 365
humility 120, 122, 134, 140, 143, 181
in response to finitude 11, 113, 117, 126, 129, 133, 140, 144, 149–150, 178, 380
Huygens, Christiaan 323
idealism 29, 36, 43, 48, 50, 126, 139, 149, 354
Heidegger’s critique of 10, 43, 45–46, 51, 68–69, 134
SSK’s rejection of 28, 30, 35–36
imagination 6, 254, 276, 290, 350, 353, 363
phenomenology of 161–162, 180–181, 183–184, 196
incomprehensibility. See meaninglessness/unintelligibility/incomprehensibility
indefinite/indeterminate knowledge/nature 75, 77, 81, 133, 137, 141, 143, 146, 149–150, 236, 239, 241, 244, 246, 252, 268, 283–285, 378
individuals, and individualism 4, 8, 20, 32, 79, 113, 122–123, 127, 149, 168, 172, 174, 176–178, 180–181, 184, 186–187, 201, 203–204, 206, 209, 217–220, 229, 232, 239, 254, 284, 304–305, 311, 317, 327, 329, 331, 335, 341, 365, 367, 372, 374, 376
informal knowledge/understanding 12–13, 58, 153, 157, 169, 209–210, 212, 216–218, 220, 230–231, 241, 245, 354
in-order-to relation 201, 216, 244–245, 274. See also assignedness; Bewandtnis; cause, efficient; end-directedness; involvement
instituting, or institutionalisation 1, 148, 211, 215–217, 219, 341–342
intellectus agens 254, 258–259
intelligibility 12, 167, 169, 195, 201, 262, 360, 371, 376, 378. See also making sense
in science 240, 246, 268–269, 277, 285, 294, 296, 300, 310, 312, 318, 360
of nature/things 55, 64–65, 67, 71–72, 89, 159, 169, 180, 189, 205, 209, 259, 275, 281, 306, 359, 373
intentionality 153, 159–160, 187, 222
as relating thinking to things 153, 159–160, 162, 187, 219–220
naturalised account of 13, 123, 157, 219, 222, 275, 330
interactionist social theory 16, 372–375
interpreting, or interpretation 41, 66, 75, 83–85, 90–91, 93, 139, 165, 181, 189, 191, 241, 257–258
and minimal realism 28, 36, 44, 46–47, 49, 70, 79
in science 67, 82, 124–125, 138, 171, 260, 294, 321, 325–326
of nature/things 61, 85, 137, 141, 166
of subjectivity 32, 38, 174, 366. See also glass-bulb model of subjectivity
of thinking/understanding 162, 166, 190, 193, 209, 223, 264
intraworldliness. See presence-at-hand, and present-at-hand, within-the-world
involvement 24, 40, 42–43, 45, 47–48, 57, 61–62, 64–65, 80, 88, 100, 137, 143, 152, 192, 200–201, 220, 237. See also assignedness; Bewandtnis; cause, efficient; end-directedness; in-order-to relation
Jagger, Alison 185
Jardine, Nicholas 254
Jünger, Ernst 147
Kahn, Charles 74
Kant, Immanuel 7, 111, 120, 142, 158, 160, 181, 184, 258–259, 348
and cognitive emotion 185–186, 305, 357
doctrine of the thing-in-itself of 11, 112–120, 126–129, 131–134, 137, 149–150, 353
on logic/thinking 12, 161–162, 175–176, 178–181, 183–188, 193–194, 196, 203–204, 209, 217, 253, 305
subject-object distinction of 120–123, 128, 130, 135, 353
Kitcher, Philip 18
Knorr-Cetina, Karin D. 302
Kockelmans, Joseph J. 155
Kohler, Robert 302
Koyré, Alexandre 13, 261–263, 267, 290, 330
Kuhn, Thomas 81, 96, 285–287, 331–332, 335, 345
laboratory science. See experiment, early-modern; experimental practice
Langton, Rae 11, 112–114, 116–119, 124, 126, 129, 131–133, 135, 137, 141, 150
Latour, Bruno 11, 111, 121, 123, 126–127, 136–140, 150, 353, 363
criticism of Heidegger 53
criticism of SSK 113, 115, 120–122, 125–126, 128, 135–136, 149, 353
pragmatic idealism of 139, 149, 354
laws of nature. See rules/laws of nature
letting things be 165, 209, 237, 240, 244, 283, 360, 369–370, 378
in experimental science 14, 246, 298, 345, 355, 360. See also releasing
Lewens, Tim 126
liberal criticism of SSK 350–354
light, illumination, and sun 89, 163, 195, 202, 205, 242, 254, 264, 359–360
Line, Francis (Franciscus Linus) 14, 288, 311, 316, 318, 321, 323, 335, 337, 339, 343–344, 377
and the horror vacui 321–322, 324, 342
as mathematician 345
as mechanician 343
thread hypothesis of 319–325, 327–328, 337, 342–344
logic 154, 156, 162. See also rules of reason
as grounded in metaphysics 156, 179, 188, 190, 192–195, 241, 261
as science of the rules of reason 11, 159, 166, 179, 190, 192–193, 198, 208, 241–242
in Renaissance natural philosophy 230, 251
phenomenological history of 12, 153, 159, 161, 166, 169, 179, 181, 183, 188, 191, 195, 216, 223
sociology of 3, 12, 204–205, 209, 211–212, 214–215, 217, 221, 356
logical conception of science 66, 104, 153, 196, 340
existential foundation of 59, 65–66, 68, 102, 192
logic of discovery 230, 251, 256, 259
logos 165–170, 175, 180, 187, 191, 195, 205, 264
looking, and the look of a thing 41, 44, 61, 64–65, 162, 220. See also light, illumination, and sun
making sense 33, 44, 82, 115, 132–133, 141, 143–144, 148, 181, 189, 203, 257, 263, 294, 354–355, 373. See also intelligibility
in experimental science 310
or failing to do so 148, 378. See also understanding, breakdown in
manipulating, or manipulation 6, 14, 67, 87, 152, 200, 202, 234, 266, 284–285, 291, 307, 309, 372. See also cause, efficient
and final causes 281, 300, 309, 360
in early-modern (experimental) science 235, 269, 279–280, 286, 289–290, 300–301, 309, 360
manufacturing 14, 307, 309, 369
material, or matter. See cause, material
mathematical essentialism/existentialism 101
mathematical projection of nature 57–58, 65–66, 88–90, 231, 233, 289, 294. See also basic blueprint; metaphysical projection of the thingness of things; projecting, or projection
and co-affectivity 378
and Newton’s First Law of Motion 295–296, 299, 306
as existential ground for both theory and practice 57–58, 89, 101, 284, 352, 357. See also theory-practice distinction
in early-modern (experimental) science 256, 268, 285, 297, 300, 302, 309–310
mathematicising, or mathematicisation 174, 255, 260–261, 295, 327, 339. See also mathematical projection of nature; mathēsis
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 13, 162, 171–172, 175–176, 209, 223, 231, 262, 264, 297, 301, 304
of nature/things 65, 176, 282, 284, 288, 298, 300, 310, 345, 370
mathematics 14, 57, 65, 67, 102, 154, 161, 172–173, 175, 177, 191, 255, 261–263, 267, 277, 282, 286–287, 303, 308, 313, 316, 345
and experimental practice 285–287, 297–298, 300–301, 328, 339, 345
Aristotelian, or mixed 263–265, 267, 269, 277, 279–280, 285
mathēsis 231, 233–237, 239, 241–242, 244, 246, 248, 257, 262, 269, 281–282, 284, 287, 291, 347, 357
and basic blueprint, or final cause 243, 245–246, 283–284, 288, 295, 360
and Boyle’s experimental practice 286–288. See also Boyle, Robert, as mathematical philosopher
and normativity/co-affectivity 234, 378
and regressus 247, 255–256, 258, 269, 280, 295, 300
as reciprocal relation between metaphysics and experience 234–235, 270, 289, 291
sociology of 245
matters of fact in early-modern experimental practice 89, 309, 321
sociology of 311–312, 316, 326, 337
McGuire, James 204
McManus, Denis 86
meaning 54, 75, 99, 114, 146, 167, 170, 180, 189, 216, 287, 314, 371, 374
and existence 85, 90–91, 99, 352
of practices/processes 195, 197, 200, 268, 273–275, 280–282, 292, 300, 325
of things 55, 63–64, 66–67, 141, 143–144, 180, 217, 245, 275, 298, 306, 318, 355, 360, 369
meaninglessness/unintelligibility/incomprehensibility 71, 73, 86, 89, 141, 144, 146, 148, 185, 254, 275, 296, 322, 324, 326, 351, 378
measure (noun) 243–246, 253, 260, 268, 282–286, 295, 313, 341–342, 344, 360, 370, 377–378
measuring, and measurement 34, 65, 67, 89, 197, 214, 233, 245, 264, 281–282, 308, 310–311
mechanical philosophy 277, 315, 318, 340, 342–343
versus organic philosophy 342
Merchant, Carolyn 341
metallurgy, influence on experimental science 14, 308–309
metaphysical projection of the thingness of things 178–179, 189, 224, 232, 257, 259, 310, 370. See also projecting, or projection
in science 170, 175, 234, 240, 247, 257, 268, 270, 282, 284, 286, 291, 293–295, 298–300, 306, 336, 344, 357, 360. See also mathematical projection of nature
reciprocal relation to work experiences of 13, 234, 268, 289, 291. See also work-world, and work experiences
metaphysics 134, 170, 262–263. See also metaphysical projection of the thingness of things; productionist metaphysics
and experience 13, 175, 189, 235, 268, 287. See also work-world, and work experiences
as grounded in finitude 133–134, 257, 260, 263
as grounding logic 179, 188, 192, 194–195
in early-modern experimental science 287, 325–326
method 1, 21, 56, 67, 226, 230, 246, 289, 306–307, 334, 348–351, 361
as mathēsis 256, 258–259, 262, 310
in Renaissance natural philosophy 247, 249–256, 258–261, 263, 267, 299
metrology 287
Millikan-Ehrenhaft dispute (oil-drop experiment) 34, 124–125, 135, 138–139
mind-body distinction 23, 31, 152, 174, 352
minimal realism 10, 51, 53, 58, 72, 93, 104–105, 111, 113, 158, 259, 354, 357
and SSK 28–29, 50, 76–78, 82–83, 100, 117, 124, 128, 149
as compatible with Heidegger’s critique of realism 47, 51, 53, 56, 69, 72, 76, 93, 100, 102, 113. See also realism, Heidegger’s critique of
basic independence thesis of 56, 58, 70, 72, 76–79, 81–83, 85, 90–91, 100, 113, 128, 140, 149, 151, 158, 355
relation to scientific realism of 28–29, 56, 69, 77
mortality, and mortals 3, 133, 157, 178, 261, 368. See also finitude
motion 167, 197, 266, 293–295, 297–298, 306, 311, 318, 326. See also cause, efficient; Newton, Issac, First Law of Motion
and final causes 271, 274, 276–278, 280, 288, 292, 295–296, 318, 325, 327
and formal causes 270–271, 276, 292
and the art-nature distinction 272–273, 277
Mumford, Lewis 366
naturalism 2–4, 12, 20–22, 95, 113–115, 122–123, 149, 157, 262, 275
Newton, Isaac 175, 223, 285, 288, 347, 370
First Law of Motion 14, 292, 294, 296, 299–300, 306, 367
Nieli, Russell 145
Nifo, Agostino 249, 251, 266–267, 299
non-contradiction, principle of 175, 182, 209, 304, 370. See also rules of reason
and the subjectivity of the subject 175, 178–179, 181
sociology of 210–215, 217, 221
non-deliberative/non-propositional understanding/behaviour 3, 12, 32, 66, 151, 153, 156–157, 192–193, 198, 204, 219–220, 236, 273, 275, 330, 336, 343, 356, 380
and affectivity/co-affectivity/cognitive emotion 3, 194, 357, 371, 376, 378, 380
and the subjectivity of the subject 366
in science 234, 242, 253–254, 260, 376
sociology of 3, 79, 95, 217–218, 244, 371–374
Norris, Christopher 18
Norton, John D. 18
objecthood of the object 46–47, 68, 132, 137, 144
objectifying. See thematising
objectivity 3, 5, 42, 79, 180–181, 227–229, 246, 262, 301, 309, 330, 348–349, 364
O’Brien, Tim 146
observing, or observation 41, 69, 72, 78, 81–82, 163, 202, 227, 233, 235, 247, 256–257, 259, 264, 290, 298–300, 315, 348, 355
and cognitive emotion 185
in science 65, 67, 226, 229–230, 246, 249, 251, 254–255, 258, 297–298, 300
ontological difference 55
ontology as phenomenology 45, 179, 181, 205, 294
operational explanation 265, 267, 270, 279, 281, 284, 290, 307–308, 312, 319–321, 324. See also cause, efficient
ordering, and order 146, 177, 195, 202, 234, 292, 300, 360, 362
of experience/understanding 148, 177, 180–181, 203, 281, 306, 371–372, 378
of nature/society 146, 148, 265, 276, 286, 292, 295, 301, 309–310, 312, 324, 326–327, 333, 337, 341, 359, 361, 367, 372, 376, 379
organising, or organisation 167–169
of art/nature/society 272–275, 300, 306, 332, 340–341, 365, 367, 374–375, 377
of experience/understanding 1, 12, 16, 42, 66, 163, 174, 206, 222, 287, 300, 306, 313, 331, 376
paradox of the heap (sorites) 225–230, 370
patterns in behaviour/thinking 96, 145, 148, 150, 156, 206, 215, 217–218, 222, 225–227, 306, 316, 325
Paul of Venice 249
perceiving, or perception 41, 45, 64, 117, 132, 171, 211, 219, 235, 331
phenomenology 3, 22, 33, 58, 75, 78, 83, 154–156, 200, 370, 377
and minimal realism 58, 78, 82, 93
and SSK 8, 24, 33–34, 48, 58, 78, 80, 82–83, 100, 113, 138, 157, 205, 208, 212, 222, 351, 357, 371, 373
of subjectivity 8–9, 15, 23, 36–37, 39–40, 45, 48, 50, 60, 62, 100, 147, 157, 187, 205–206, 354, 356, 364, 371, 373. See also subjectivity of the subject
Pickering, Andrew 366
placing things 178, 359–360. See also letting things be
Aristotelian placement 265, 270, 276, 292–293, 360
in modern (experimental) science 278, 293, 295–297, 302–303, 309, 327, 345, 360
placement as enframing/poiēsis 359–360, 366
Plato 7, 12, 156, 161–164, 195–196, 202–203, 205, 216, 262, 376. See also demiurge, Plato’s image of
poetry 182, 205, 260, 359, 370. See also poiēsis
Popkin, Richard H. 25
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). See anxiety
Potter, Elizabeth 342
practice 8, 11, 83, 87, 92, 99, 103, 151, 197, 203, 290, 307, 309, 330, 369, 373. See also experimental practice
and mathematical/metaphysical projection 65, 101, 243, 258, 268–269, 282, 284, 289, 345, 360
and minimal realism 28, 36, 70, 76, 79, 86, 90, 92–93, 139, 149
and normativity 242–244, 260, 378
as constitutive of essence/meaning 86, 91–92, 143
as grounded in existence 57, 67–68, 89, 105, 352, 356
phenomenology of 201–202, 205, 212, 219–220, 235, 237, 242, 244, 247, 258, 275–276, 356
relation to theory of 56, 67–68, 86, 88–89, 96, 101, 152, 183, 211, 213, 285, 290–292, 335
sociology of 5, 94–96, 98, 104–105, 204, 208, 210–212, 216, 218, 244–245, 260, 268, 312, 329–332, 335, 340, 353–354, 361, 370, 379
practice-based accounts of science 6, 10, 57–58, 94, 291, 340, 379
precision, and making precise 264, 288, 310
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 164, 168–169, 178, 183, 195, 230–231, 244, 250, 276, 299, 310, 348–349, 351
of nature/things 67, 165–166, 198, 228, 266, 308, 310–312
presence-at-hand, and present-at-hand 39, 60–61, 63, 68, 71, 87–88, 198, 207
within-the-world 64, 68, 71, 73, 75, 80–81, 86, 89–90, 93, 134, 158–159, 192, 200, 240, 293
without-the-world 71, 73, 75–76, 89–90
world misconstrued in terms of 40, 45–46, 49
priming, sociological 216, 245
productionist metaphysics 75, 81, 160, 163, 165, 171, 180, 194–195, 275, 291, 306, 359. See also demiurge, Plato’s image of
in early-modern science 242, 306, 309
productive comportment 73, 75, 159–160, 197, 224, 339
projecting, or projection 64, 69, 72, 77, 80, 131–133, 137, 141–142, 144, 155, 158–159, 188, 190, 202, 242, 257–258, 275, 284, 339, 355, 357, 359, 372–373, 378
propositional knowledge/thinking 41–42, 44, 61, 64, 66, 73, 79, 104, 151, 182, 219–220, 222, 276, 355
as grounded in non-propositional understanding 43–44, 46, 68, 192, 218, 356
deconstruction of 12, 153, 156–157, 161, 166, 174, 191, 223, 311
relation to thing as property-bearing substance of 153, 157, 159–160, 162, 193, 234
Psillos, Stathis 28
quantifying, or quantification 65, 67, 89, 101, 197, 243, 264, 284
Randall, John Herman, Jr 247–248, 251–252, 255, 261, 263, 267, 291
rationalising, or rationalisation 30, 230, 308–309, 333, 335, 370
rationalism 13, 153, 227, 231, 235, 246, 261, 263–264, 266–268, 300, 333–338
rationality of science 2, 21–22, 103, 120, 185, 365
readiness-to-hand, and ready-to-hand 61, 63–64, 69–71, 75, 86, 158–159, 200, 237–238, 274, 283
and non-deliberative/non-propositional understanding 66, 192–193, 199
in science 88–89, 240, 244, 293
realism 10, 28–29, 31, 50, 55–56, 58–59, 70, 77, 83, 85, 90, 93, 115, 136–137, 139–140, 149. See also minimal realism
Heidegger’s critique of 10, 43, 45–46, 51, 68–69, 72
SSK’s minimalist endorsement of 23, 28–32, 34–35, 47, 51, 70, 76–77, 80, 97, 102, 128, 149, 356. See also minimal realism, and SSK
weakness of SSK’s realism 29–31, 33–34, 36, 43, 48–50, 76–78, 81, 83, 114, 140
reality 4, 17–18, 27, 35–36, 45–46, 48, 77–78, 80, 82, 98, 177, 341, 363, 374
as less fundamental than the real 44, 46, 69–73. See also real things, or the real
name for world projected as object 44, 46, 69–70, 80, 374
real things, or the real 59, 68, 76, 112, 163, 195. See also presence-at-hand without-the-world
as more fundamental than reality 44, 46, 69–73
receptivity 116–117, 124, 131–132, 134–135, 137–138, 142–143, 158, 181–182, 186–187, 196, 262, 298, 355, 357, 371–372. See also affectivity
and constructivity 132, 136, 138, 142, 158, 160, 182–184, 196, 258, 356
reflexivity, SSK tenet of 156, 208
regressus 248–250, 253–255, 257, 259, 261, 265–267
and mathēsis 255–256, 258, 269, 280, 295, 300
regulating, and regularity 89, 217–218, 243, 273, 278, 299, 364, 368, 374
and final causes 243–244, 246, 271, 275–276, 292, 295–296, 325, 327, 360, 370
in experimental practice 300, 306, 310, 312, 327
reifying, or reification 96–98, 104, 372
relativism 25, 28–30, 47, 85. See also contingency, and dependency
in experimental science 14, 302, 308, 317, 326, 345
reliability of knowledge/method 3, 195, 208, 229–230, 242, 246–247, 260, 292, 299, 306–307, 311, 336, 345
revealing, or disclosing 7, 12, 65, 71, 87, 190, 260, 334, 359–360, 373
and experimental science 301, 310, 361–362
Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg 153, 339
Rouse, Joseph 11, 58, 76, 83–84, 92–93, 101–103, 351, 353
conflation of existence with essence/meaning 10, 55, 72, 85, 89–91, 137, 139
criticism of Heidegger 10, 56–57, 86–89, 93, 101–102, 352
criticism of SSK 10, 57, 94–99, 101, 104, 352–353, 373
rules/laws of nature 278–279, 293, 312, 364, 367–368
and experimental science 297, 299, 301, 306, 311, 327, 360
and the principle of inertia (First Law of Motion) 294, 297, 300, 303, 306
as final cause 246, 271, 276, 280–281, 292, 295, 325
as projected 294, 296, 298–299, 301, 306. See also mathematical projection of nature
rules of reason 26, 172, 216, 242, 262, 264, 304, 364
and affectivity/co-affectivity/cognitive emotion 184, 186, 203, 218, 262, 305, 357
in Renaissance natural philosophy 13, 249, 252–253
logic as science of 193, 216, 241
phenomenology of 12, 153, 179, 181, 183–184, 186, 188–189, 193–194, 196–200, 203–204, 209, 275
sociology of 203–204, 209–210, 215, 217–218, 244, 305–306, 312, 316, 371, 373–374
scepticism about induction 227
scepticism and SSK 22, 24. See also scepticism, external-world
SSK’s rejection of radical scepticism 25–27, 47, 50
SSK’s use of mitigated scepticism 23–27, 47, 50
SSK’s vulnerability to sceptical attack 9, 23, 30, 33–34, 36, 49–50, 78, 81–82, 113, 351–352
scepticism, external-world 17, 19–20, 22, 31, 37, 43, 100, 112, 146, 178, 184. See also scepticism and SSK
as attributed to SSK 18, 22, 351
Heidegger’s response to 9–10, 23, 37, 42–46, 48–49, 62, 78, 130, 152, 222, 351
SSK’s response to 9–10, 19, 21, 23, 26–27, 29–34, 36, 47–50, 78, 82, 356
Schaffer, Simon 14, 311–313, 315–316, 324, 326–327, 337
Scheff, Thomas 376
Schmitt, Charles 254
scientific philosophy 154–155, 196, 208, 377
Scientific Revolution 231, 235, 245, 247, 261, 271, 281–282, 289, 291–292, 303, 333, 340, 342
Scott, David 298
self-referring practice 187, 215–218, 245
self-regulating system. See cybernetics
Serjeantson, Richard 338
Shapin, Steven 24, 26–27, 29, 31, 34, 281, 286–287, 311–313, 377
on Robert Boyle 14, 286, 315–316, 324, 326–327, 337
simplifying, or simplification 123, 141, 276, 311, 329, 336–337, 372
skill 151, 274, 290, 307–309, 343
Skinner, Quentin 337
Smith, Pamela H. 289, 291, 306–307, 309
social constructivism 53, 76, 83, 93, 95, 97, 100, 102, 125, 140, 148–149, 363
social imagery 15, 245, 289, 328–330, 332, 336, 340. See also basic blueprint; Galilean First Thing; world picture
society 4–6, 15, 98, 114–115, 121, 127, 185, 206–207, 328, 331–332, 336–337, 339, 341, 361–363, 365, 379. See also society-nature distinction
society-nature distinction 4–7, 121, 127, 352–353
sociological explanation 9, 20, 22, 25, 79, 95, 97–99, 113, 120, 123–124, 126–127, 156, 209, 218–221, 306, 316, 326, 329–330, 340, 353–354, 367, 372–373, 379
as necessary but not sufficient 19–21, 95, 102, 290, 312, 355
sorites. See paradox of the heap
speaking, and speech 165–166, 169, 191. See also logos
specifying, or making specific 58, 286
of knowledge/thinking/understanding 66, 80, 101–102, 116, 152–153, 160, 163, 166, 168–169, 177, 186, 193, 203, 213, 217–218, 230, 232–233, 239, 241–242, 244, 249, 257, 264–265, 284–285, 312, 318, 326, 332
of nature/things 65, 82, 135, 141, 170, 228, 236, 246, 248–249, 265, 270, 273, 284, 286, 299–300, 310, 312, 316, 321, 336, 365
Spiller, Michael 338
spontaneity. See constructivity
SSK (sociology of scientific knowledge) and phenomenology 8, 24, 33–34, 48, 58, 78, 80, 82–83, 100, 113, 138, 157, 205, 208, 212, 222, 351, 357, 371, 373
stabilising, and stability 5, 66, 92, 212, 299–301, 306–307, 325, 352, 364, 372
standardising, or standardisation 243
of method/materials 227–229, 242, 246–247, 287, 299, 307–308, 361
of thinking/understanding 160, 162–163, 169, 175, 194, 196, 253, 287, 304, 334, 361
Steiner, Carol J. 98, 366, 374
strong programme in sociology of knowledge 1, 127, 329
subjectivity of the subject 8, 10, 15, 35, 37, 46, 50, 55, 76, 84, 128, 284, 332, 356–357, 364, 370–372, 375
and substance ontology 9, 12, 23, 32, 38, 40, 42, 67–68, 78, 82, 100, 128–131, 153, 171–173, 176, 178–179, 184, 187, 193, 196, 203, 207, 218–219, 222, 349–350, 352
construed as existence 10, 33, 37, 39, 43, 45, 48, 50, 60, 66, 69–70, 75, 93, 100, 132, 142–143, 145, 147, 152, 155, 158, 184, 187, 196, 204, 207, 222, 239, 306, 351. See also being-in-the-world; Dasein
subject-object distinction 7, 15, 23, 31, 41, 78, 120–121, 174, 350, 352–354. See also glass-bulb model
as fuel for scepticism 23, 50, 79, 81
deconstruction of 7–8, 12, 40, 42, 46, 78, 80, 128, 130, 150, 348, 350–351
SSK’s criticism of 122–123, 135
SSK’s residual adherence to 8–9, 11, 23, 34, 76, 79–83, 125, 352–353
subject-world relation 23–24, 40–41, 45, 49–50, 60, 62, 75, 80, 129, 142–143, 145, 158, 222, 356–357, 373. See also being-in-the-world
symmetry principle of SSK 95, 120–121, 136, 353
systems theory. See cybernetics
tacit knowledge/understanding 9, 14, 32–33, 36–37, 48–50, 78, 83, 100, 112, 214, 236, 275, 279, 287–288, 312, 326–330, 336, 340, 356, 377, 379. See also non-deliberative/non-propositional understanding/behaviour
techniques, and technology 1, 3, 15, 67, 175, 178, 230, 233, 266, 280, 284, 286–287, 289, 300, 306–310, 312, 341, 355, 358–359, 361–364, 366, 368–369
teleological explanation 268–269, 272, 275, 279, 281, 291, 312, 329, 360. See also cause, final
and telos as end, not goal or purpose 274, 288, 296, 330, 369
that-being, or thatness 10, 55, 73–74, 84, 86, 91, 102, 117, 130, 133, 137, 146, 165, 259, 355–356. See also cause, material
and affectivity 11, 143, 148, 357, 378
and experimental science 93, 250
thematising, or thematisation 12–13, 41, 61, 64, 66, 69, 73, 78, 80, 82, 90, 133, 190, 193, 199, 210, 219–220, 231, 242, 350, 370, 380
and experimental science 67, 89
and propositional knowledge/thinking 47, 89, 159, 187
of cognitive emotion, taboos against 376, 380
theorising, and theory 10, 19, 77, 86, 94, 96, 100, 203, 282, 290, 351, 358, 361, 366. See also underdetermination thesis
and mathematical/metaphysical projection 65, 88–90, 352
and minimal realism 70, 76–79, 81, 86, 149
as grounded in existence 57–58, 61, 65–66, 68, 87, 89, 101–102, 105, 352, 356
phenomenology of 36, 58, 61, 64, 66–67, 183, 192, 219–220, 293, 357
relation to practice of 56–58, 67–68, 86, 88–89, 152, 183, 211, 213, 255, 261, 268, 290–292, 310, 329, 335
sociology of 1, 21, 27, 33–34, 81, 96, 98, 105, 124, 204, 214–215, 218, 221, 329, 351
theory-practice distinction 57–58, 67, 84, 86, 88–89, 91, 152, 183, 291, 310, 352, 357
The Things They Carried 146
thing (verb) 368
thing as property-bearing substance 70, 93, 158, 171, 219, 355
deconstruction of 169, 171, 174, 176, 232
relation to propositional knowledge/thinking of 12, 153, 157, 159–160, 184, 193, 234
thing-in-itself 11, 112, 116, 118–121, 125, 139, 144, 176
and affectivity 11, 123, 133, 378
and finitude 11, 112–114, 126, 129, 133–134, 140, 144, 150, 353
and SSK 113–115, 122, 124, 126, 128, 135, 137, 149
deconstruction of 128–129, 131, 357
thingness of things. See metaphysical projection of the thingness of things
things, fourfold structure of 368, 370
things in relation to thinking 12, 152–153, 157–164, 166, 169–171, 174, 176–177, 180, 184, 186–187, 191, 194, 204, 209, 217, 306
thinking 6, 13, 15, 26, 83, 128, 151, 188–189, 205, 210
phenomenological history of 11, 150, 153, 156, 161, 164–167, 170–171, 173–179, 182–184, 186–188, 191, 194–196, 202, 205, 209, 223, 244, 294, 304. See also logic, phenomenological history of
phenomenology of 42–44, 61, 63, 73, 87, 131, 141, 152, 155, 157–159, 163, 167, 170, 180–181, 187, 189, 191–194, 197, 199–200, 203, 205–206, 208, 216, 220, 224, 237, 301, 311, 354, 357
relation to things of 12, 129, 152–153, 157–164, 166, 168–171, 174, 176–177, 180, 184, 186–187, 191, 194, 204, 209, 217, 306
sociology of 12, 80, 105, 114, 157, 204–205, 208–209, 215, 217–218, 220
time 54, 196, 199–200, 204, 223, 343
as ground for thinking/understanding 196–197, 200
construed mathematically 65, 89, 199, 293, 295–296, 301
existential conception of 197, 200, 203, 216, 244
Todtnauberg 347
tool-use. See equipment, and tool-use
topic-resource distinction 5, 34, 54, 62, 90, 98–99, 121, 126, 138, 230, 353–355, 373, 377, 379
Torricellian experiment/effect 313–319, 322–324, 326–327, 337, 344
Tosh, Nick 126
tradition 12, 114, 156, 160, 204–205, 207–209, 217–218, 221, 223–224, 227, 244, 259–260, 262, 281, 305, 330, 370–371
transcendence 26, 38, 62, 130, 144
and scientific knowledge 2–5, 20, 259–260
deconstruction of 11, 130, 132–133, 156, 170
sociology of 115, 120, 122–123, 126–127, 149, 263
transcendental phenomenology 154
trauma. See anxiety
truth 10, 19, 26, 33–34, 59, 66, 77, 95, 120, 136, 159, 163, 172, 192, 226–227. See also absolute knowledge/truth
Tuchanska, Barbara 204
Tugendhat, Ernst 237
underdetermination thesis 125–127, 136, 138–139, 227
understanding 12, 45, 48–50, 70–72, 74, 79, 89, 105, 132, 137, 163, 169–170, 183, 189, 193, 198, 200, 202, 219, 232, 242, 257, 259, 275, 338, 355, 360, 364, 374, 376
and affectivity 142, 356–358, 362–363, 371, 375, 378
and finitude 119, 129, 131, 133, 140, 142, 149, 205, 353
as co-understanding 358, 361–362, 373–375, 378, 380. See also being-with-others
as fundamental aspect of subjectivity 142, 356
breakdown in 63, 73, 88, 143, 148, 158, 378. See also anxiety
change-over in 42, 44, 47–48, 61–62, 64–66, 68–69, 80, 86–87, 89, 158, 192, 220, 293
in science 13, 65, 67–68, 232, 242, 276, 284, 286, 289, 292–293, 297–298, 302, 305, 310, 316, 339, 360, 363, 375
uniformity 288, 293, 295, 297, 301, 332, 342, 360–361
in experience/understanding 15, 206, 228, 282, 285–287, 313, 341
of things 14, 264, 282, 284, 292, 294–296, 298, 300, 306–307, 342, 344–345, 360, 367, 370
unintelligibility. See meaninglessness/unintelligibility/incomprehensibility
Urban the Averroist 248
vagueness 229, 257, 260, 310. See also indefinite/indeterminate knowledge/nature
Van Dyck, Maarten 84
von Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich 15, 347–349, 355–356, 358, 363–366, 372, 374–375, 377
von Weizsäcker, Viktor 347, 349
weak programme in sociology of science 1
Weber, Max 375
what-being, or whatness 10–11, 13, 55, 73–74, 82, 84, 86, 91–92, 102, 117, 130, 132–133, 137, 143, 150, 165, 168, 170, 172, 174–176, 189, 201–202, 205, 219, 224, 232, 236, 239–240, 242, 244, 251, 253, 257–259, 265, 270–272, 275, 283–284, 298, 302, 355–356, 360, 369, 373. See also cause, formal
and affectivity 378
and experimental science 250, 301, 303, 309, 311, 345
Winner, Langdon 366
Wittgenstein, Ludwig 26
work-world, and work experiences 61–64, 71, 90, 192, 200–201, 216, 283. See also equipment, and tool-use; readiness-to-hand, and ready-to-hand
and a priori knowledge 224
and non-deliberative/non-propositional understanding 219, 273
in science 13, 170, 175, 224, 234, 240, 242, 244–247, 268, 270, 289, 291, 293–294, 309
reciprocal relation to metaphysical projection of 13, 234, 268, 291. See also metaphysical projection of the thingness of things
world picture 15, 334, 338–339, 342, 344, 364, 366–367, 374. See also basic blueprint; Galilean First Thing; social imagery
Yearley, Steven 97–98, 136, 139
Zabarella, Jacopo 250–261, 263, 266–267, 300
Zimmerman, Michael 147