Index
Aberdeen, Earl of (George Hamilton-Gordon) 112, 210, 237, 311, 395, 421, 426, 438, 671
Acropolis
and Athens 21
and Christianity 229
and heritage 24, 55, 57, 271–272, 274, 380, 447, 466, 471, 502, 504, 588, 597, 631, 646, 652, 659
and nature 19, 22, 58–59, 62, 134, 258, 288, 344, 469, 502, 642, 647
and philosophy 220, 225–227, 229
approaching the 22, 25, 31, 72, 386, 446, 513, 592, 629, 631, 641
as a site of power 12, 439–440, 493, 585, 594, 607
attacking the 259–261, 267, 283, 285, 294, 323, 379, 418, 431–432, 694
Conservation and Restoration programme 631, 643
control of 25, 35, 38, 41–42, 54, 69, 99, 139, 180, 256, 260, 280, 282, 285, 287, 296–297, 299, 301, 305, 311–314, 337, 369, 373, 398, 427, 494, 606–607, 634–636, 643, 661, 704
defending the 24, 32, 34, 40–41, 79, 252, 255, 268, 271, 285, 289–290, 293, 297, 305, 314, 443, 479, 606, 637, 700–701
excavations of 351, 458, 468, 472, 478–479, 497, 501, 604, 626
heritage 643
modern, the 13, 468, 503, 511, 585, 640
monuments on xiii, 43, 55–56, 182, 189, 213, 273, 297–298, 340, 377, 379, 415–416, 418, 447, 465, 622, 636, 645, 651, 661
supplies to 26–28, 35, 257–258, 260, 265, 271, 274, 281–282, 299, 310, 414–415, 441, 479, 702
symbol of Greece 53–54, 237, 267, 291–292, 313–314, 428, 437, 494–495, 503–504, 506, 588, 596
transformation of 442, 468, 492, 502–503, 631
viewing the 11–13, 22–24, 34, 36, 38–39, 41, 64, 70, 85, 102, 113–114, 116, 119, 124, 126, 190, 224, 226–227, 229, 232, 243, 258, 284, 374–375, 389, 438, 480, 497, 510–511, 520, 528, 565, 568, 614, 626–628, 640, 643, 648, 652
visiting the xiv, xv, 24–25, 41, 56, 80, 125, 186, 190, 214, 229, 241, 302, 308, 312, 348, 372, 385, 397, 401, 406, 421, 446, 449, 467, 609, 623, 625, 628, 631, 641, 644
women in 262
Acts of the Apostles 78, 172, 192–193, 195–196, 199, 513–514, 519, 522–523, 527, 529, 534, 540, 546, 565, 574–575, 622, 732, 734
Adair, Robert 159, 171–172, 673
Aegean Sea 74, 89, 91, 107, 128, 167–168, 171, 256, 445, 451, 727
Aegina 24, 112–113, 247, 267, 317, 343, 353, 418
Africa 22, 75–78, 89–90, 95, 119, 126, 159, 277, 324, 326, 356, 432, 538, 588, 711
African 74–75, 77, 104, 171, 324, 571
Albania 7, 21, 79, 130, 156, 170, 177, 379, 388, 396–398, 401, 404–405, 408, 420, 591
Albanian 25, 29, 48–49, 65, 79, 101, 156, 252, 258, 289, 293, 300, 305, 330, 332, 589
Alexander the Great 27, 416, 565, 605
Alexandria 76–77, 91, 142, 323–325, 328, 575, 710, 734
Aligny, Theodore 334–335, 438–439
Allied powers 332, 591, 607, 622, 713–714, 718
America 155, 219, 433, 466, 531, 570
involvement in the Greek Revolution 302
visitors to Greece 77, 466, 562
visitors to the United States 542
American
involvement in the Greek Revolution 170
visitors to Greece 25, 95, 117, 205, 223, 229, 241, 245, 247, 281, 285, 302–303, 324, 328, 338, 341, 346, 349, 352–353, 370, 449, 452, 465–466, 497, 519, 524, 527–528, 531, 535–536, 549, 571–572, 574, 604
volunteers xiii
Anderson, Benedict 8, 128, 456, 488
imagined community 8–9, 106, 126, 183, 185, 211, 222, 352, 382, 395, 399, 470, 505, 525, 659
Androutsos, Odysseus 272–273, 282, 344, 427, 459, 493
Areopagus
its meaning before the Revolution 517
its meaning in ancient Athens 515–517
its meaning to Christians 222, 514, 518–520, 525–527, 529, 533–534, 539, 542–543, 545, 547, 560, 570–571, 575
Aristides, Publius Aelius 1–2, 418, 470, 516, 577
Aristophanes 58, 190, 480, 488, 734, 736
Aristotle 51, 60, 139, 193, 215, 218, 428, 482, 516, 542, 734–735, 739
Armenian 45, 202, 321, 324, 525
Aryan 247, 525, 566, 602, 619, 621, 623
Asia 7, 21–22, 30, 40, 53, 73, 76, 89, 92–93, 95, 100, 119, 124, 126, 132, 160, 260, 325, 344, 402, 432, 434, 456, 503, 559–560, 588
Asia Minor 7, 40, 53, 73, 92–93, 100, 124, 132, 160, 325, 344, 402, 434, 503
Asian 517
Athena Nike 439, 443, 446, 496, 630, 646, 676
in stone 273, 486, 488, 630, 641, 733–735
Attic 32, 127–128, 343, 514, 576
Attica 24, 48, 65–66, 71, 74, 110, 116, 249, 264, 288, 305–306, 311–312, 319, 334–335, 393, 418, 420, 456, 488, 503, 516, 524, 528, 608, 647, 686–687, 691, 704, 727, 734
Augustine of Hippo 56, 138, 140, 567
Austria 8, 88, 154, 324, 328, 382, 419, 693
Austrian 75, 112, 147, 153, 166, 170, 251, 261–262, 269, 299, 301, 307, 314, 318, 343, 373
Avramiotti, Gian-Dionisio 120–121, 266
Balkans 35, 331, 587, 589, 595–596, 612
Bartholdy, J.B.S. 76, 78, 137, 170, 221–222, 271
Baudelot de Dairval, Charles-Caesar 195–196
Bavarian 288–289, 311–314, 344, 373, 429, 465, 472, 479
Beaton, Roderick xi, xiii, xvi, 6, 45, 125, 149, 152, 162, 296, 503, 505
Berlin 31, 87, 140, 216, 246, 264, 367, 372, 419, 436, 497, 553, 592, 597–598, 603, 605–606, 609, 617
Congress of 419
Beulé, Charles Ernest 115–116, 245, 346, 472, 490–491, 508, 585
Bible 188, 224, 466, 514, 520, 527, 531–532, 536–537, 545–546, 549, 555–556, 559–560, 564–565, 582, 620
Black Sea 27, 148, 263, 280, 344, 391, 395, 504
Blaquiere, Edward 41, 173–174, 256, 340, 353, 383, 506
body parts 4, 72, 146, 160, 278, 281, 294–297, 316, 380–381, 466, 522
Bourbaki, Constantin Denis 290
Braudel, Ferdnand 217
Brazil 550
Breton, Ernest 240, 409, 489, 588, 635, 656
Britain
diplomatic manoeuvrings 382, 395, 406, 704
intelligence 170, 173, 177–178
involvement in the Greek Revolution 8–9, 148, 302, 395, 407, 421, 437, 616
British
charitable relief 534
diplomatic manoeuvrings 141, 154, 169, 173, 178, 262, 311, 383, 394–395, 399–400, 404–405, 413, 420, 615, 661, 704
imperialism 98, 107, 167, 171, 177, 267, 311, 345, 400, 409, 436, 598, 612, 614
intelligence 170–173, 177, 180, 274, 407
involvement in the Greek Revolution 312, 323, 429, 591
involvement in the provisional Greek government 289
visitors to Greece 29, 34, 40, 104, 123–124, 133, 146, 253–254, 369, 449, 465, 519, 531, 560, 571, 586, 614
British Embassy 160–161, 177, 275, 325, 381
British Museum xiii, 33, 100, 107, 352, 429–431, 434–436, 444, 446, 451, 465, 468, 472, 488, 506, 526–527, 565, 597, 607, 644, 661, 676–677
Bulgaria 7, 328, 342, 405, 591, 603
Bulgarian 591
Burgon, Thomas 67, 107, 109, 266, 518
Byron, George Gordon, Lord
and Ali Pasha 99
and Lamartine 307
attack on Elgin 426
Byronism 348
‘Byron’s Dream’ 228
Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, A Romaunt 52, 112, 125, 228, 307, 425, 551
dispute with Gropius and Aberdeen 112
imagined community 126
living in Greece 129
meditating on monuments 228
The Corsair 91
the resisting viewer 120
visiting Constantinople 159
visiting Greece 99, 104, 122, 125, 128, 158
Byzantine 23, 44–45, 47, 69, 103, 139–140, 186, 190, 195, 205, 225, 333, 373, 454, 502, 505, 508, 517, 522, 525, 531, 539, 634–635, 643, 656
Byzantium 24, 103, 138–139, 141, 604
Caesar, Julius 195, 416–417, 643, 732–733, 737
Canaanites 550
Canning, Stratford
communication networks 170, 383
correspondence with Reschid 380–385, 391, 401, 403, 421–422, 692, 694, 698
diplomacy 179, 310, 380, 382–385, 399, 401, 403–404, 406, 411, 415, 419–420
documents 179, 302, 380–381, 400, 411, 419, 488, 685, 690–691, 694, 704–705
family 399
in Constantinople 178, 294, 399, 401, 407, 410, 414
survival of the Parthenon 275, 380, 382–385, 390, 419, 421, 423–424, 449, 699
visit to the Acropolis 401, 406, 420–421
work habits 178–179, 400, 412–413
cannon 41, 55, 79, 173, 254–257, 280, 283–284, 312, 344–346, 349, 369, 373, 381, 383, 520, 588, 519
Catholic 202, 207, 547, 684, 704, 708
Çelebi, Evliya 27, 43, 51, 68–69, 71, 161–162, 193
Chalcis 51, 78, 100, 254, 280, 312, 704
Chateaubriand, François-René de 58–59, 84, 102, 114, 116, 120–121, 125–126, 128, 218, 225, 227, 266, 355, 398, 503
children
besieged in the Acropolis 259, 297
enslaved 142, 146, 151, 262, 264–265, 278, 321, 326–330, 384, 429, 707–708, 710–712, 725
orphans 224, 315–316, 319, 321, 429
prostitution 321
survivors of Acropolis siege 261, 299, 318
Chios 154, 264, 295, 316, 326–328, 330, 381, 707–708
Choiseul-Gouffier, Auguste de 106–107, 121, 125
Christendom 9, 191, 333, 394, 704
Christianity 102, 138, 148, 220, 222, 234, 252, 376, 519, 522, 524–526, 532, 536–539, 547, 550–551, 554, 559–564, 567–568, 573–574, 582–583, 618, 723, 725
Christianization 44, 84, 103, 139, 387, 529, 582
Church, Richard 4, 42–43, 49–50, 54, 69–70, 77, 148, 173, 175, 180, 199, 265, 284, 288–289, 293–298, 309, 320, 324, 329, 370, 372, 406, 415–418, 519, 525, 533–534, 539, 547, 552, 561–562, 571, 576, 701, 703–704, 720, 723–724, 726–729
Circassian 7, 77, 159, 262, 275, 395, 709
Clarke, Edward Daniel 44, 70, 104, 124, 163, 258, 387, 423, 672–673
Cochrane, Thomas, 10th Earl of Dundonald 227, 244–245, 289–294, 301–302, 332, 417, 661, 702
Cockerell, Charles Robert 21, 59–61, 70, 108, 113–114, 131–133, 173, 388, 458, 464, 633
cognition 11, 14, 16, 36, 121, 217, 229, 239–240, 456, 484, 511, 656
Constantine, Emperor 44, 100, 139, 141, 165, 185, 190, 197, 234, 260, 292, 625
Corfu 71, 127, 172, 226, 714–715, 717–718
Corinth 24, 75, 113–114, 136–137, 139, 145, 257–258, 277, 314, 316, 323–324, 340, 486, 559, 686
Cossacks 263
Crete 44, 89, 100, 119, 168, 310, 316, 325, 328, 332, 483, 506–507, 543, 591, 614–615
Crimea 7, 55, 81, 344, 356, 395, 410, 536
Crusades 24, 55, 90, 265, 394, 405, 494
Cyprus 113, 118, 384, 609, 614
Dawkins, James 305, 308, 310, 312, 314, 451
Delphi 87, 124, 136, 147, 320, 334
Demosthenes 88, 127, 186, 190, 193, 334, 523, 684, 732, 734, 736
Diogenes 88, 129, 190, 364, 542, 638
Dionysios the Areopagite 77, 192, 199, 546, 557
display
of ancient objects 239, 345, 352, 424, 426, 434, 472, 486, 489, 526, 600, 604, 649, 651
of body parts 35, 146, 160–162, 165, 278, 281, 294, 296, 316, 381
of heritage 380, 383, 437, 588, 652
of images 43–44, 69, 132, 200, 477
of objects 109
technologies of 5, 67, 145, 147, 156–163, 158, 161, 248, 278, 309, 340, 346, 395, 459, 493, 527, 532, 570, 656
Disraeli, Benjamin 315, 337, 352, 369, 396–399, 465
Dodwell, Edward 21, 33, 36–37, 57, 80, 99, 101, 108, 133–134, 136, 280, 355, 364, 388, 465
Duveen gallery 607
Edinburgh 16, 34, 36, 40, 53, 80, 90, 100, 115, 174, 220, 270, 344, 350–353, 446, 468–469, 541, 600, 688
Efendi, Reis (Reis ül-Küttab) 72, 158, 172, 274, 692, 697
Egypt 76–77, 84, 93, 97–98, 104–105, 110, 113–114, 116, 118–119, 124, 127–128, 148, 150, 254, 256–257, 277–278, 293, 316, 321–323, 326–329, 342, 346, 353, 360–361, 406, 408, 422, 434, 481–482, 486, 488, 504, 519, 522–523, 531, 560, 565, 591, 614, 704–705, 710, 739
Egyptian 301, 317, 321, 328, 408, 461, 476, 545, 650, 710
Eldem, Edhem 3, 8, 15, 42, 45, 180, 194, 345, 381–382, 409, 502–503, 566, 662, 665, 674, 695, 697–698
Elgin, Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of
damage done by 57, 434, 449, 459, 463–465
firman arranged by 51, 55, 98, 406, 423, 429, 661–669, 673–674, 700
government purchase of antiquities 146, 435–436, 674–675
hostility to 266, 379, 385, 429, 433–434, 491, 495, 671, 675–677
influence of 372
justification for removal of Marbles 38, 49, 240, 406, 423, 430–433, 435–436, 464, 467, 644–645
removal of Marbles 13, 36, 38, 56–57, 98, 106–109, 313, 360, 370, 374, 390, 400, 423–424, 429–430, 446, 448
El Greco 45
Enlightenment 6, 50, 52, 84, 137, 192, 208, 211, 214–215, 218, 229, 497, 503, 535–536
Epidaurus 136
Erechtheion 24, 37, 40, 43, 125, 139, 371–373, 434, 447–448, 455, 460, 496, 597, 634–635, 641, 644, 646, 648, 651, 676
Erechtheum 24, 372, 480, 524, 542
Erechtheus 102, 108, 221, 283, 368, 461, 524, 701
Etruscan 108
Euripides 87, 101–102, 189, 288, 333, 460–462, 476, 486, 497, 569, 578, 581, 732
Faber, Frederick William 337, 357, 518, 547, 552, 647
Fabvier, Charles 179, 267, 280, 297–300, 346, 372, 416, 585, 701
Fauvel, Louis-François-Sébastien 67, 88, 105, 108, 111, 124–125, 130, 166, 254, 259, 261, 309, 373, 389, 430, 670–672
Felton, Cornelius 452, 454, 518–519, 548
Finlay, George 173, 284, 294, 301, 309, 311–312, 317, 320–321, 337, 416, 421, 429, 687, 689, 700
firman 15, 51, 54–55, 72, 94–100, 107, 113, 122, 153–154, 163–164, 172, 175, 216, 274–275, 314, 383, 391, 403, 406, 409, 414, 420–421, 423, 429–430, 432, 444, 449–451, 463–464, 488, 661–662, 671, 674, 683–684, 690, 692, 700, 708
First World War 135, 224, 497, 587, 597, 613, 617, 621
Flaubert, Gustave 345, 444, 489
Florence 30, 131, 140, 191, 254, 554
Frankish 23–24, 26, 186, 190, 282, 344, 368, 409, 439, 443, 492, 494–496, 498, 500, 502, 505, 508, 589, 612, 614, 633–634, 664, 674, 696–697
Frankish Tower 24, 26, 190, 282, 439, 492, 495–496, 500, 508, 589, 612, 614
Franks, the 56–57, 66–67, 69, 73, 106, 121–122, 147, 170, 203, 270, 363, 398, 688, 696
French Empire 9
French Revolution 9, 50, 229–230, 395, 533, 620
Gadsby, John 117, 370, 452–453, 518, 529–530, 532, 550
Galt, John 29, 42, 49, 52–53, 58, 60, 71, 75, 77–78, 102–103, 116, 119, 213, 234, 413, 560, 661
Garston, Edgar 81, 90, 190, 257, 280–281, 296, 346–347, 364, 369, 373, 480, 483
Gell, William 12, 38, 92, 99, 103–105, 424, 426, 683
Genesis 550
George III 419
Georgia 324
Georgian 159
Germanism 599
Gordon, Thomas 174–176, 180, 252, 259–260, 264, 270, 283–284, 287, 311, 339, 372, 399, 414–416, 432, 565, 687–690
Gouras, Yannis 39, 41, 174, 273, 282, 300, 330, 373, 699–701
Greek Government 152, 154, 173, 177, 260, 279, 289–291, 293, 296, 311–313, 347, 451, 462, 468, 472, 491, 587, 685
Gropius, Georg 75–76, 88, 112–113, 166, 251, 261–262, 269, 307–308, 314, 318, 337–338, 340, 356, 372–373, 465, 685, 690
Guillet de St. Georges 15, 119–120, 185, 197–198, 201–208, 211, 386–387, 529
Guilletiere, M. de la 197–198, 204, 206–207
Gunsaulus, Frank W. 518, 552–553
Hadrian 33–34, 43, 46, 190, 499, 523–524, 577, 732–733, 736
Hadrian’s Gate 33–34, 43, 46, 499
Halet (Meḥmet Saʿid Ḥālet Efendi) 72, 172
Halicarnassus xv, 99, 216, 409, 444, 700
Hamilakis, Yannis 6, 53, 149, 194, 311, 313, 341, 344, 494, 502, 652
Hamilton, Gawen William 49, 92–93, 132–133, 150, 275, 302, 360, 365, 383–385, 434–435, 469, 602, 662, 672–673, 697, 699
Haseki, Hadji Ali 28–33, 35, 48, 251–252, 285
heads, beheading 22, 35, 55, 68, 88, 122, 124, 140, 143, 145–146, 159–162, 165, 173, 247, 256–257, 275, 278, 281, 292–297, 309, 316, 327, 339, 343–347, 349–350, 352, 365, 373, 380–381, 404, 485, 516–517, 554, 697–698, 711, 720, 725, 734, 736
Hecateus 175
Hellas 48, 83, 103, 108, 112, 147, 149, 168, 191, 226, 232, 246, 254, 266, 289, 292, 303, 332, 345, 347, 350, 399, 401, 436, 450, 468, 481, 483, 493–494, 502–503, 505, 508, 510, 529, 576, 596, 604–605, 612, 620, 624–625, 637, 640, 645, 650–651, 697, 702
Hellenes 10, 49, 53–54, 137, 141, 148, 162, 195, 221, 233, 235, 247, 252, 264, 271, 273, 292, 296–298, 312, 314, 332, 341, 350, 367, 394–395, 450, 478, 503, 507, 510, 537, 558, 598–599, 602, 608, 619, 621, 645
Hellenic 6, 21, 47, 51, 100, 103, 131, 135–136, 139, 142, 147–148, 173, 182, 185, 191, 197, 200, 225, 233–234, 242, 283, 292, 297, 311, 317, 333, 340, 362, 371, 380, 382, 405, 409, 416, 429, 437, 450, 456, 458, 470, 472, 477, 488, 493–494, 496, 504, 506, 508, 518, 536, 541, 545, 551, 553, 563, 576, 586, 589, 594, 598, 604, 621, 629, 635–636, 638, 643, 647, 650–651, 656, 687
Hellenism 5, 52, 54, 77–78, 136, 147–148, 220, 233, 237, 242, 292, 380, 437, 468, 504
Hellenizing 24, 273, 463, 490, 494, 496, 508
Herodotus of Halicarnassus xv, 147, 175, 190, 418, 514, 587–588, 647, 737
Hitler, Adolf 591, 598, 604, 616–617, 622
Hobhouse, John Cam 21, 80, 99–100, 128, 131, 192, 251, 372, 453–454
Homer 145, 148, 221, 245, 317, 362, 368, 439
Homeric 483
Howe, Samuel G. 173, 281–282, 285–286, 294, 303, 321, 327, 518, 538, 559, 613, 687
Hunter, James 90–92, 355, 518, 520, 527, 554
Ibrahim Pasha 124, 150, 278, 301, 305, 317–318, 321, 323, 408, 691, 710–711
Ilicak, H. Şükrü 7, 54, 72, 153, 258, 261, 275, 299, 305, 344, 383, 683
imagined community 9, 151, 544
Imperial Council 153
India 19, 106, 179, 241, 349, 449, 531, 623
Ionian 23, 36, 53, 71, 80, 105, 115, 120, 124, 130, 137, 154, 166–167, 173, 177, 254, 256, 267, 278, 289, 309, 314, 326, 357, 396, 401, 405, 443, 446, 560, 621, 627, 692, 701, 710–712, 715
Ionian Islands 23, 36, 53, 80, 105, 115, 120, 124, 130, 137, 154, 166–167, 173, 177, 254, 267, 278, 289, 309, 314, 326, 357, 396, 401, 443, 446, 627, 692, 701, 710, 712, 715
Israelite 352
Jaeger, Werner 5
Japanese 615
Jerusalem 50, 84, 90, 114, 119, 253–254, 343, 406, 522, 533, 560
Jesus 44, 199, 222, 524, 539, 551, 554, 561, 564–568, 573, 582, 613, 621, 722, 724–725, 728–729
Jewish 45, 51, 78–79, 140, 221, 223, 225, 274, 319–320, 420, 535, 550, 555, 566, 597–598, 609, 620, 718
Jews 56, 78, 203, 404, 538, 540, 550–551, 562, 609, 611, 621
Jolliffe, Thomas 77, 99, 127, 226, 253
Judaeo-Christian 51, 224, 477, 522, 553
Karaiskakis, Georgios 162, 290–291, 293, 296, 339
Karo, Georg 597
Korizis, Alexander 614
Lamartine, Alphonse de 306–308, 339, 343, 370, 469
landscape 12, 16, 18, 22–23, 58, 85, 101, 103, 116, 129–130, 136–137, 147, 181–182, 214, 225, 280, 288, 334, 356, 361, 395, 438, 496, 529, 559, 658
Lane-Poole, Stanley 170, 288, 293, 360, 381–382, 399, 401, 411, 417–419, 421–423, 701, 705
Latin 1, 22, 83–84, 140, 183–185, 191, 196, 212, 239, 406, 514, 545, 572, 575–576, 590, 662, 695, 734
Leiden 35, 83, 177, 180, 183, 462, 591
Levant 1, 23, 25, 29, 31, 38, 42, 48, 52–53, 59–60, 76, 79–80, 82, 93, 100, 104, 124, 145, 170, 173, 177, 179, 192, 197, 209, 211–213, 247, 259, 283, 319, 330, 338, 351, 355, 361, 414, 455, 466, 620, 673, 690
Linson,Corwin Knapp 441, 497–498, 509
London Conference 311
London, Treaty of 302, 306, 313, 321, 404, 713, 726
Lowental, David 9
Lucian 136, 189, 194, 476, 514, 516–517, 564
Lusieri, Giovanni Batista 80, 88, 108, 112, 254, 423, 670–671
Lyon 1, 183, 185, 199, 203, 372, 455, 475, 533
Lysicrates 43, 88, 186, 190, 310, 362–363, 376, 684, 732
Mahmoud II 3, 94, 170, 263, 394, 419, 552, 697
Makriyannis, Ioannes 30, 53, 256, 284, 330, 340, 346, 372–373, 388–389, 401, 415, 450, 700
Malta 52, 90, 256, 331, 357, 391, 398, 408, 420
Marathon 111, 128, 141, 245, 253, 267, 345, 369, 398, 412, 497, 524, 542, 608, 612–613
Marbles, the xiii, xiv, 37, 129, 421, 423, 428, 430–432, 435–436, 507–508, 597, 607, 645, 662, 674–676, 705, 737
mediation 3, 11, 15, 18, 155, 239, 703
Mediterranean Sea 6, 9, 27, 34, 42, 44, 74, 79, 89–90, 95, 104, 113–114, 124, 127, 135–136, 140, 163, 168, 170–171, 216–217, 264, 303, 311, 338, 343, 369, 379, 395, 401, 407, 420, 441, 444, 448, 456, 466, 514, 519, 557, 561, 565, 647
Mehmed, Reschid
and Canning 179, 380–385, 390, 399, 401, 406, 422, 690–692, 694–695, 698–699
and de Rigny 414
as military commander 180, 282–283, 285, 296, 299, 301, 405, 408, 696
conquest of the Acropolis 42, 283, 285, 297, 302, 305, 344, 373, 381, 383–384, 394
display of skulls 146, 278, 282, 292, 295
downfall 408
intention to destroy the Parthenon 310, 379–381, 383–384, 691
Ottoman-European relations 384–385, 402
survival of the Parthenon 178, 383, 385, 390–391, 415, 421, 692–695, 697
views of philhellenism 56, 298
Melos 90, 243, 264, 302, 316, 414
memory 10, 48, 53, 103, 118, 125, 135, 176, 192, 201, 210, 221, 292, 307, 331, 341, 356, 368, 419, 436, 439, 443, 467, 472, 494, 504, 516–517, 523, 541, 544, 546, 578, 588, 596, 631, 636, 655–656, 658–659, 731, 736
Mercouri, Melina 427, 506, 508, 675–676
Metternich, Klemens von 9, 147, 382, 419
Meursius (Meurs, Johannes van) 83–84, 189, 195, 197–199, 202, 206–207, 211, 227, 234, 367–368, 517
Meyer, William 140, 170, 174, 177–178, 283, 285, 294, 404, 701, 712, 718, 720
Michaud, Joseph François 308, 311, 317, 320, 323, 342, 355, 359, 405–406, 411
Middle Ages 496, 536, 550, 633
Middle East 8, 23, 36, 324, 331, 405, 573, 614
Miletus 148
millet system 45, 52, 66, 69, 78, 138–139, 142, 144, 156, 159, 203, 552, 696
Milton, John 127, 520, 579–581
Milvian Bridge, battle of 44, 139, 141, 260, 292, 571
Minerva, Temple of 37, 137, 433, 670
Missolonghi
capture by Ottoman forces 178, 277, 281, 296, 301
display of Ottoman power 278, 281, 345
enslaved citizens 278, 321, 323, 710–712
recapture by Revolutionary forces 329
siege of 278, 280–281, 297, 299
symbolic power 281, 283, 297–299, 404, 416, 587, 701
Morea 23, 25, 38, 48, 52, 71, 92, 101, 113, 118, 144, 164, 227, 244–245, 274, 277, 288, 294, 309, 326, 332, 340, 357, 359, 432, 443, 448, 627, 682–683, 686, 688, 712, 720–721, 723–724
Morocco 176
Morosini, Francesco 24, 40, 54, 192, 265, 434, 439, 459, 493, 495
Mott, Valentine 223, 346, 349–350, 352, 376, 460
Müller, Karl Otfried 65, 298, 301, 398, 578–579, 599, 578
Munich 200, 289, 291, 313, 440, 465, 593, 595, 599, 601
Murray, Eustace Clare Grenville 23, 25, 52, 65, 80, 87, 93, 106–107, 109, 133, 146, 179, 181, 237, 252, 254, 263, 316–317, 325, 332, 340, 345, 369, 412–413, 419, 426, 434, 436, 443, 451, 519, 524, 559, 561, 599, 605, 627
Mycenaean 272, 317, 472, 585, 597, 656
Napoleon Bonaparte 9, 169, 172, 224, 310, 416, 557, 565
Napoleonic 9, 106, 270, 280, 322
Napoleonic Wars 9
nationalism xv, 8, 50, 52, 55, 118, 142, 164, 175, 252, 291, 332, 371, 380, 428–429, 712
Nauplia 154, 164, 305–306, 310–312, 315, 342, 420–421, 437, 472, 712
Navarino 175, 301, 316–317, 321–323
battle of 321
navy 7, 11, 90, 124, 144, 159, 171, 259, 277, 289, 298, 301–302, 313, 328, 391, 409, 466
Nazareth 222, 551, 554, 564, 573, 621
Nazis 593, 595–597, 599, 601–602, 605–606, 616–617
Negropont 30, 51, 78, 100, 254, 261, 280, 283, 296, 305, 307, 312, 420, 679, 686, 689, 704
Netherlands 1, 30, 154, 208, 211–212
New Testament 520, 560, 564, 576
Newtonian 230
Newton, Isaac 100, 218, 221, 308, 368, 443–444, 488, 519, 550
Nike 43, 190, 371, 429, 439, 443–446, 489–490, 496, 523, 630, 646, 676
Nike temple 43, 190, 371, 429, 444–445, 489, 523, 630
Nikolaus, Count Esterházy 147
Nointel, Marquis de (Charles Marie François Olier) 48, 186–187, 207
olive trees 22, 128–129, 286–288, 291–292, 334, 337, 369, 459, 461, 467, 530, 578, 633, 642, 646–647
Olympian Zeus 43, 70–71, 186, 190, 193, 221, 457, 459, 524, 606, 733
Olympic Games 497–498, 604, 735
orientalism 6, 89–90, 98, 146, 157, 161, 164, 230, 296, 325, 380, 435, 466, 497, 545, 557, 561, 608, 611, 613, 708
Otho, King (Otto Friedrich Ludwig von Bayern) 311–312, 315, 343, 424, 437, 440, 448
Palestine 43, 81, 99, 127, 190, 253, 326, 344, 351, 406, 434, 444, 489, 519, 523, 527, 531, 539, 545, 556, 561, 565–566, 588, 609, 611, 614
Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount 399, 403, 420–421, 704
Palmyra 231
Patriarch 36, 50, 57–58, 67–69, 143, 173, 177, 707, 720–721, 726
Patriarchate 50, 138, 156, 707
Paul of Tarsus (St Paul)
association with the Areopagus 102, 190, 513–514, 517–518, 521, 528–529, 533, 541, 543, 547
display and performance 527–528
effect on views of the Parthenon 192, 514, 522–524, 526–527, 574
Epistle 188
prohibition of visual images 140
symbol of opposition to classical past 51, 56, 351, 376, 520, 523, 527, 534, 536, 540, 542, 551, 559–560, 575
Pausanias 47, 52, 84–87, 126, 128, 133, 191, 194, 196–198, 200, 202, 205, 208–209, 227, 234, 254, 271, 366, 445, 483, 485, 528, 630, 643, 645, 647–648, 736
Pauw, Cornelius de 216
Peloponnese 99, 113, 122, 144–145, 163, 185, 274, 277–278, 296, 301, 306, 310, 319, 323, 330, 342, 344, 353, 357, 408, 421, 538, 540, 686, 726–728
Peloponnesian war 599
Penrose, Francis 370, 455–457, 460, 462, 479, 648
Pentelikon, Mount 128, 455, 651
Periclean 273, 314, 367, 614, 637
Pericles 2, 126–127, 186, 190, 258, 266, 351, 418, 452, 461–462, 483, 505, 541, 604–605, 655
Peripatos, the 469–470, 587, 652
Persia 159, 185, 310, 393, 613
Persian 147, 176, 258, 267, 326, 418, 472–474, 477–478, 484, 490, 587, 591, 608, 612–613, 636, 647, 652
Perugia 191
Phaedrus 16
Pheidias 1, 112, 126, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 295, 452, 467, 484, 485, 486, 487, 523, 552, 553, 600, 638. See also Phidias
Phidias 101, 241, 245, 247, 248, 353, 523, 553. See also Pheidias
philhellenes 11, 15, 52, 55–56, 90, 125, 174, 251, 259, 262, 267–268, 270, 280–281, 285, 288–293, 296–297, 300–301, 312, 318, 320, 323–324, 326, 329, 346, 356, 371, 401, 415–416, 421, 557, 585, 687
philhellenism 11, 14, 50, 52, 68, 216, 253, 272, 383, 395, 398, 597
Philomuse Society 52, 254, 387
Philopappos 43, 124, 284, 289, 305, 343, 376, 389, 732
Phoenicians 550
Piraeus, the 75, 290, 337, 339, 356, 414, 638, 671, 673, 687, 739
Pittakis, Kyriakos 57, 125, 271, 350, 372, 386, 452–455, 460, 465, 491, 493
Plato 16, 51, 58, 60, 128, 139, 193, 215, 218, 222, 248, 343, 355, 484, 486, 514–515, 542, 547–548, 553, 575, 620, 734–735, 739
Pnyx 70, 102, 259, 285, 438, 452, 516
Poles 395
Polycleitos 240
Porte, the 95, 97, 145, 157, 159–160, 163–165, 172, 274, 314, 325, 396, 402, 432, 673, 679–686, 692–695, 705, 708–709, 713–714, 716–720, 722, 727–729
prisoner 4, 150, 161–163, 256, 261, 263, 265, 295, 302, 381, 383–384, 493, 595, 608–609, 611, 710–712
Propylaia 26, 40, 43, 133–134, 190, 256, 283, 344, 371, 439, 448, 455, 469, 489–490, 492, 496, 502, 508, 523, 525, 628, 631–638, 646, 670, 676, 701
Protestant 49, 56, 207, 518, 532, 539, 564
Providence 8, 137–138, 211, 223–224, 319, 376, 414, 420, 424, 524–526, 535, 541, 546, 550, 552, 555, 557, 559, 561–562, 688, 721–723
Prussian 264, 316, 320, 605, 617–618, 709
Ptolemy 193
Quinet, Edgar 147, 296, 309, 319, 333–334, 340–343, 355, 363, 365, 377, 394, 526
Qur’an 51
Reformation 49, 56, 202, 204, 209, 349, 561, 564
Renaissance 3, 85, 100, 148, 210, 225, 579, 647
Renan, Joseph Ernest 126, 228, 519, 565–569
Rigny, Henri de 179, 280, 295, 297, 300, 302, 384, 414, 696, 703
Robertson, William 218, 222, 347, 453–454, 527, 607
Roman Catholic 44, 48–50, 56, 65, 69, 73, 88, 199–200, 203–205, 208, 320, 414, 526–527, 529, 533–534, 539, 552, 566, 656
Romantic era xii
romanticism 11, 56, 182, 185, 213, 238–239, 241, 244, 247, 249–250, 377, 469, 488, 528, 552, 600, 651, 656, 670–671
Rome 33, 44, 108, 136, 139, 141, 228, 231, 244, 354, 539, 554, 559, 561, 571, 582, 594, 607, 616, 628, 642–645, 676
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 567
Russia 8–9, 34, 119, 172, 253, 263, 302, 305–306, 310, 324, 327–328, 382, 393, 395–396, 406–407, 410, 419, 437, 704, 709
Russian 48, 50, 145, 170, 263, 352, 395–396, 407, 467, 608, 705, 709
Salamis 32, 35, 258, 290, 299, 310, 339, 343, 398, 418, 588, 633, 636–637, 650
Schliemann, Heinrich 483, 495–496
Scotland 22, 175, 218, 400, 423, 432, 534, 541
Scottish xiii, 49, 222, 350, 415, 422, 522, 706
sculpture xiii, 38, 49, 55–57, 87, 108–109, 112–113, 130, 186, 240, 242, 247, 249, 344, 353, 406, 426, 431–435, 465, 472, 475, 485–486, 488, 506, 639, 644, 670, 672, 676, 684
Second World War 254, 345, 616–618, 622, 631, 647
Selim III 156
Senior, Nassau William 139, 225, 333, 508
Seraglio, the 159–160, 162, 294
Serbia 7
Serpenji 25, 34–35, 41, 259, 300, 346, 386, 388
Shakespeare, William 126, 136, 205
Shia 159
Sicily 52, 84, 105, 108, 114, 124, 148, 388, 557
Sinai 254, 456, 520, 522, 530, 545
Slade, Adolphus 331, 391, 408, 442, 449–450
Smyrna 53, 76, 78–79, 89, 91, 105, 127, 132, 142, 146, 226, 261, 309, 324, 326, 328–329, 450, 470, 559, 575, 577, 670, 699, 707–708
Smythe, Percy, 6th Viscount Strangford 72, 143, 146, 154, 166, 169, 171–172, 262, 265–266, 274–275, 327, 381, 414, 432, 450–451, 679–681, 683–684, 692, 707, 720
Socrates 16, 53, 101, 127, 186, 190, 193, 222, 248, 351, 542, 547–551, 553, 620, 731, 734–735
Sophocles 128, 468, 497, 516, 577, 600, 604, 732, 735
Spain 105, 124, 129, 154, 398, 531, 603, 664
Spanish 30, 45, 80, 292, 296, 384
Sparta 72, 147, 198, 210, 508, 616–617, 619, 622
Spartan 73, 317, 599, 610, 616–619, 621
Spon, Jacob 83, 86, 124, 183–190, 192–199, 201–209, 211–212, 214, 217, 219, 234, 242, 439, 484, 529, 533, 579
Stähelin, Andreas 251, 262, 264, 269
Stanhope, John Spencer 106–107, 113, 174, 383–384
statues 8, 13, 49, 51, 53, 87, 136, 184, 189, 199–200, 234, 239, 244, 247, 249, 308, 322, 351–352, 365–368, 405, 433, 439–440, 450, 452, 467–468, 472–474, 476, 481, 486–487, 559–560, 600–601, 605, 628–629, 635–636, 641–642, 645, 651, 655, 657, 664, 733–735
St Clair, William xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, 1, 6, 15, 21, 24, 27, 31, 57, 65, 70, 124, 126–127, 141, 151, 167, 181, 190, 192, 213, 235, 237, 251, 277, 287, 305, 315, 319–320, 337, 359, 370, 379, 393, 411, 427, 437, 513, 585, 607, 614, 625, 655, 661, 679, 685, 691, 707, 731
Lord Elgin and the Marbles xiii, 49, 57, 70, 370, 661
Reading Nation in the Romantic Period, The xiv, 235
That Greece Might Still Be Free xiii, 15, 167, 251, 319–320
Stewart, Robert, Viscount Castlereagh 146, 166, 169, 172
storks xv, 19, 58–61, 218, 342, 353–357, 480, 494
St Petersburg 169, 264, 467, 476
Strasburg 267
Stuart and Revett 23, 26, 46–48, 64, 75, 131, 137, 326, 387, 389, 464, 645, 670
Swiss 251, 262, 264, 353, 361, 589, 612
Switzerland 208, 278, 285, 317, 374
Symonds, John Addington 551, 563
Syria 43, 93, 104, 113, 116, 118, 127, 148, 316, 344, 408, 539, 614
Themistocles 54, 66, 253, 418, 452, 650, 732, 735
Theseion 43, 47, 70, 79, 124–125, 139, 267–268, 360–362, 387, 452, 489, 515, 676, 732
Thessaloniki 79, 110, 153, 169, 259, 274, 281, 405, 554, 603
Third Reich 602, 604, 616, 622
Thrassylos, Monument of 35, 43, 182, 189, 362, 385–386, 388, 390, 421, 676
Thucydidean 13, 267, 269–270, 514, 577, 712
Thucydides 32, 175, 215, 264, 269, 314, 316–317, 439, 462, 483, 540–541, 599, 616, 637, 736
Trojan war 233
Troy 22, 102, 190, 245, 289, 483
Turner, J.M.W. 25, 80, 93, 123, 480, 613, 675
Urquhart, David 92, 178–179, 233–234, 278, 292, 401–408, 411, 420
Venetian 40, 51, 54, 89, 126, 144–145, 192, 265, 439, 459, 492
Venice 52–53, 79, 120, 132, 137, 168, 185, 194, 265, 309, 326, 438, 496, 631, 638–639, 731
Vernon, Francis 124, 126, 183, 185, 195, 198, 207
Vienna 9, 52, 153, 166, 169, 309, 326, 338, 360, 382, 519
Congress of 382
viewer xiv, 4–5, 11–13, 18, 25–26, 41, 44, 74, 84, 86–87, 109–110, 116, 120, 130–131, 158, 160, 181, 195, 216, 219–220, 226–227, 229, 232, 237–239, 242–244, 246, 249, 322, 334, 348, 352, 367, 389, 437, 439, 445–446, 449, 456, 458–459, 469–470, 472, 475, 482, 484, 488, 490, 496, 501–502, 511, 514–515, 522, 527, 537–539, 541, 543, 559, 562, 592, 594, 596, 598, 627–628, 631, 633, 640–641, 643, 646–649, 656, 672
viewing xiv, 5–6, 9, 12–14, 17, 21, 24, 29, 36, 38, 41, 43, 50, 56–57, 60, 62, 72, 98, 100–103, 113–116, 118, 124, 136, 146, 164–165, 181, 209, 215, 218–220, 223–227, 229, 232, 238, 240–241, 253, 258, 280, 282, 284, 288, 292, 306, 316, 341–342, 354–355, 362, 364, 372, 375, 377, 380, 389, 409, 438, 442, 446, 457, 466, 468–469, 478, 480, 500, 510–511, 516–517, 520–521, 525, 527, 535, 538–539, 565, 568, 576, 579, 581, 592, 595, 603, 607, 620–621, 625–628, 633, 636, 638–641, 643, 652, 659, 691, 699–700, 710, 713, 716–717, 719
Virgin Mary 199
Volney, Count, Constantin-François Chassebœuf 229–231, 396, 398
Waddington, George 252, 260, 271, 282, 356, 519, 561
Walsh, Robert 65, 91, 159–162, 262, 266–267, 325, 381, 400, 414, 683–684
ways of seeing 3, 27, 36, 62, 81, 88, 126, 183, 185, 191–192, 195, 199, 204, 225, 229, 231, 235, 238, 240, 243, 246, 274, 442, 469, 503, 506, 533, 539, 627, 641, 644, 652, 675, 677
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of 419
Wheler, George 1, 3, 27, 47, 92, 124, 135, 138, 183, 185, 189, 192, 195, 197–198, 203–205, 209, 211–212, 237–239, 439
Williams, Hugh William ‘Grecian’ 53, 137, 241, 433
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim 87, 216, 243, 435, 482, 644
Wolfensberger, Johann Jakob 284–285, 353–354, 361–365, 374–375
women
besieged in the Acropolis 259
defending the Acropolis 29, 252, 588
enslaved 11, 15, 75–77, 142, 145–146, 151, 163, 262, 264–265, 278, 323–324, 326–327, 330–331, 350, 384, 429, 707, 709–711
killed 265, 282, 320, 345, 588
survivors of Acropolis siege 261–262, 270, 297, 299, 317, 322, 329, 344
visitors to Greece 81, 114, 534
Woods, Joseph 30, 40–41, 48, 67, 73, 113, 131, 137, 253–254, 396, 464–465
Woolf, Virginia 135
Wrede, Walther 597
Xenophon 547
Yemen 176
Zeus 43, 70–71, 186, 190, 192–193, 205, 221, 457, 459, 520, 524, 553–554, 606, 733–735, 739