Glossing Abbreviations
a |
Arabic |
acc |
accusative |
act |
active |
alv |
alveolar |
alvpal |
alveopalatal |
aor |
aorist |
art |
article |
artp |
Articulatory Phonology |
attr |
attribute |
caus |
causative |
clf |
classifier |
clo |
closure |
comp |
complementiser |
conj |
conjunction |
conn |
connective |
cop |
copula |
crit |
critical |
cst |
construct state (head of attributive annexation) |
dat |
dative |
def |
definite (article) |
deix.cop |
deictic copula |
dem |
demonstrative |
dep |
dependent (marker of dependent clause or noun phrase) |
det |
determined state |
dist |
distal demonstrative |
dm |
discourse marker |
dom |
differential object marking |
erg |
ergative |
exist |
existential |
ez |
ezafe |
f |
feminine |
foc |
focus |
fpl |
feminine plural |
fs |
feminine singular |
fut |
future |
gen |
genitive |
glo |
glottis |
gn |
geographic name |
h |
Hebrew |
hab |
habitual |
imp |
imperative |
impf |
imperfect |
ind |
indicative |
indef |
indefinite |
indet |
indetermined state |
ipfv |
imperfective |
irr |
irrealis |
k |
Kurdish |
lab |
labial |
lnk |
linker |
m |
masculine |
medp |
mediopassive |
mod |
modal |
mpl |
masculine plural |
ms |
masculine singular |
n |
neuter |
neg |
negative |
nmls |
nominalisation |
nom |
nominative |
npl |
neuter plural |
npsfx |
nominal suffix |
npst |
non-past |
ns |
neuter singular |
pal |
palatal |
pass |
passive |
pc |
prefix conjugation |
pers |
personal |
pfv |
perfective |
phar |
pharyngeal |
pl |
plural |
pn |
personal name |
pn |
proper noun |
poss |
possessive |
pret |
preterite |
prog |
progressive |
pron |
pronoun |
prs |
present |
pst |
past |
ptcp |
participle |
pvb |
preverbal modifier |
qam |
qam pre-verbal prefix |
qātl |
Arabic qātel paradigm (historical active participle) |
qattīl |
qaṭṭīl adjective |
qōtl |
Western Neo-Aramaic qōṭel paradigm (historical active participle) |
qtīl |
qṭīl adjective and resultative participle |
qtl |
qatal and qṭal suffix conjugations in Arabic and Western Neo-Aramaic respectively |
refl |
reflexive |
rel |
relative |
res |
resultative |
s |
singular |
sbjv |
subjunctive |
sc |
suffixing conjugation |
tb |
tongue body |
tt |
tongue tip |
uvu-phar |
uvular-pharyngeal |
vel |
velum |
voc |
vocative |
yqtl |
yiqtol prefix conjugation in Arabic and Western Neo-Aramaic |