List of illustrations

Percentage of use of each space in vertical troglodytic dwellings. Author’s graph, CC BY-NC-ND.

Spatial characteristics according to female/male/family activity types. Author’s graphs, CC BY-NC-ND.

Spatial characteristics according to the degree of privacy (private, semi-private and common). Author’s graphs, CC BY-NC-ND.

Medina of Tunis, example of a party wall used by one of the neighbours as a support for its construction of an upper floor. Author’s photograph, 2017, CC BY-NC-ND.

Types of stretcher bond and adjacency connection. Author’s illustration, CC BY-NC-ND.

Cases of contiguous properties without concrete connection. Author’s illustration, CC BY-NC-ND.

Cases of connection to the two properties. Author’s illustration, CC BY-NC-ND.

Where the wall is connected to only one of the properties either by adjacency connection or stretcher bond. Author’s illustration, CC BY-NC-ND.

Street installations for free food distribution during the month of Moharram, Mashhad. Author’s photograph, 2016, CC BY-NC-ND.

Street marches towards the Holy Shrine during the Month of Moharram, Mashhad. Author’s photograph, 2016, CC BY-NC-ND.

Street performance during Moharram, Mashhad. Author’s photograph, 2016, CC BY-NC-ND.

Egyptian artist weaving a hand stitch portrait, Al-Khayameia traditional market, historical Cairo, Egypt. Author’s photograph, 2019, CC BY-NC-ND.

El-Zakwany House, Mutrah Fort and Historic Enclosure Wall. Author’s photograph, 2018, CC BY-NC-ND.

Changes of traditional material (including new building material and design). Development project 2004–2005. Author’s photograph, 2018, CC BY-NC-ND.

Mutrah Market Old Gate after the development project that took place in 2004–2005. Author’s photograph, 2018, CC BY-NC-ND.

Lack of conservation criteria in Mutrah. Al Khonji House, al Khonji Boutique Hotels Project (Al-Khonji Real Estate and Development LLC). Author’s photograph, 2018, CC BY-NC-ND.

Old house after development; al Khonji Boutique Hotels Project (Al-Khonji Real Estate and Development LLC). Author’s photograph, 2018, CC BY-NC-ND.

Routes to reach Kansei. Author’s diagram, CC BY-NC-ND.

A typology of openings from the Islamic and French colonial periods. Author’s illustration, CC BY-NC-ND.

Procedure of the experiment. Author’s photograph, 2020, CC BY-NC-ND.

Example of the experiment using the virtual reality headset. Author’s photograph, 2020, CC BY-NC-ND.

Comparison between the mean evaluation scores of three different heritages. Author’s graphs, CC BY-NC-ND.

Overview of Jemaa el-Fna Plaza. Author’s photograph, 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

Santa Laura Saltpeter Works. Photograph by Diego Ramírez, 2019, CC BY-NC-ND.

The public heart of Humberstone, with the plaza surrounded by the pulpería, the market and the hotel in photograph from the theatre. Photograph by Juan Vásquez Trigo, 2012, CC BY.

Humberstone theatre and housing. Photograph by Jorge López, 2019, Servicio Nacional del Patrimonio Cultural, CC BY-NC-ND.

Succession of woods, corrugated zinc plates, caliche grounds and hills to define the view to the northwest of the camp and the industrial sector. Photograph by Juan Vásquez Trigo, 2012, CC BY.

The old theatre of La Palma, transformed into the Boy Scouts headquarters. Photograph by Juan Vásquez Trigo, 2012, CC BY.

In the picture, Santa Laura’s chimney and leaching plant are visible. Photograph by Jorge López (2019), Servicio Nacional del Patrimonio Cultural, CC BY-NC-ND

Entrance of the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Photograph by Yunus Demirbaş, 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

Stećci in the Botanical Garden, National Museum. Photograph by Yunus Demirbaş, 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

Powered by Epublius